Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,627 Articles
US Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (L), chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, presents a plaque to US Navy Adm. Alvin Holsey (R) during Holsey's relinquishment of command and retirement ceremony at US Southern Command (SOUTHCOM) headquarters in Doral, Florida.

Who Checks the President? Not the Military

The responsibility for checking contentious policies rests not with the military, but with elected officials, constitutional institutions, and the American people.

9/11 Then and Now: How It Shapes Us 25 Years On

We asked experts with deep personal and professional ties to the post-9/11 era: how did 9/11 shape your path, and how does it continue to shape us 25 years later?

The Just Security Podcast: 9/11 at 25 Years: The State of U.S. National Security, Intelligence, and Alliances Today

Ryan Goodman and Tess Bridgeman are joined by Daniel Fried and Nicholas Rasmussen to discuss the enduring impact of 9/11 on U.S. counterterrorism and foreign policy.
A flag reading "Never Forget 9/11" is left at the south tower reflecting pool memorial at the south tower reflecting pool memorial at the National 9/11 Memorial and Museum in New York.

“Can These Bones Live?”: Reflections on the Anniversary of 9/11

A historian examines the United States' historical memory of 9/11 twenty-five years after the attacks of September 11, 2001.
A large crowd gathered in Belgrade, Serbia, raising red, blue and white Serbian flags and banners bearing the image of deceased Bosnian Serb Army Commander and convicted war criminal Ratko Mladic.

Ratko Mladić Is Dead, Yet Legions Mourn This “Butcher of Bosnia” and Celebrate His Crimes

Thousands mourned Ratko Mladić at his funeral in Belgrade despite his responsibility for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.

Collection: Counterextremism and Counterterrorism Initiative

Introducing Just Security's new Collection on the evolving threats of violent extremism and terrorism.
The exterior and the logo of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague on March 28, 2026.

The Int’l Criminal Court as a “Strategic Weapon”: Legal Deterrence, Cognitive Advantage, and the Future of the Rule of Law

States committed to the rule of law can use the International Criminal Court to maximize the cost of adversaries' military aggression.
A sign with the name and logo is seen outside the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague.

Why Countering the Assault on the International Criminal Court is Necessary to Protect the International Legal Order

Current and former Presidents of the ICC's Assembly of States Parties on the role of the Court in upholding the international legal order.
In a tense-filled scene, six people are gathered on the far side of an oakwood-colored table scattered with papers and pens, a coffee dispenser and disposable cups in the foreground and a suited man standing in shadows at the back left. Rice has an expression of concern as she's looking to her left toward Cheney on the phone. Three of the other people around her, two women including Hughes and a man, stand around her and one man kneels to her right, all focused on the phone conversation Cheney apparently is having the the president.

A Quarter Century After 9/11: Lessons Learned and Lost

A former member of the George W. Bush administration’s National Security Council reflects on what the United States got right and wrong in its response to the 9/11 attacks.
The site of a strike on a girls' school in Minab, in Iran's southern Hormozgan province, on February 28, 2026

Just Security Podcast: Has the United States Violated the Law of Armed Conflict in the Iran War?

Host Ryan Goodman is joined by an expert panel to discuss whether the United States has violated the law of armed conflict in its war against Iran.
The USS Gravely, a US Navy warship, departs the Port of Port of Spain on October 30, 2025.

America’s War on Drug Smugglers at Sea Is Unlawful—and It Is Failing

U.S. strikes against suspected drug-trafficking vessels mark an unlawful expansion of military force into what has long been—and should remain—a law enforcement mission.

Collection: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers, Operation Southern Spear, Operation Absolute Resolve

Collection of expert analysis on the legality of the U.S. strike on Venezuelan vessels in the Caribbean, the consequences of the strike, and related issues.
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