International Law

Just Security offers expert analysis of international law and its role in addressing global challenges. Our coverage includes litigation in international and regional tribunals, the process of international law-making, analysis of compliance and accountability for international law violations–including international criminal justice, and challenges to the international legal order.

Highlights:

A close-up shot of Voislav Torden (aka Yan Petrovsky) in court wearing a tan backwards ball-cap and a dark patterned sweater. A bald man wearing what appears to be a security guard uniform and a face mask appears in the background of the shot out of focus.

Finland’s Prosecution of Russian Mercenary: The Rusich Appellate Ruling and War Crimes Accountability

The ruling upholding the conviction of a Russian mercenary leader opens new avenues for the prosecution of Russian irregular forces.
A blurry outline of a pedestrian takes up the right-hand side of the frame in front of black gates with the United Nations logo. Behind the gate stands an abstract blue sculpture with a perfectly round hole towards the top. The United Nations headquarters building appears obscured by the fend in the background.

[R]evolution in the International Legal Order

ABILA International Law Weekend Co-Chairs reckon with the need to strengthen the foundations of international law while adapting it for a new set of actors and issues.

Data Centers as Military Objectives: The Russian and Ukrainian Justifications

Experts examine four major international legal questions raised by Russian and Ukrainian attacks on data centers.
The US Navy warship USS Sampson (DDG 102) docks at the Amador International Cruise Terminal in Panama City on September 02, 2025. Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro said on September 1, 2025, that eight US military vessels with 1,200 missiles were targeting his country, which he declared to be in a state of "maximum readiness to defend" itself. (Photo by MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP via Getty Images)

Timeline of Boat Strikes and Related Actions

A timeline that chronicles major events in the Trump administration’s campaign of lethal strikes against suspected drug traffickers in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific.
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U.N. Emissions Gap Report 2026: “The Point of Return” — Seven Questions to Consider Next

The report takes each one-tenth of a degree, and each year above 1.5°C, as meaningful units of change. And with good reason: each means real impacts on humans living in a climate-inflected…
A kneeling firefighter wearing a black uniform and yellow helmet aims a firehose at the second storey window of a smoking, bombed-out office building.

Data Centers at War: The Defender’s Duty to Protect Civilians

Peacetime decisions about the location and protection of data centers may determine the risks civilians face when armed conflict erupts.
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A wide shot of a cityscape illuminated by flames, with fire engulfing a tall building on the right-hand side of the frame, foregrounded by a telephone poll, while a leafy tree takes up the foreground of the left-hand side. Two people appear near the center of the frame as silhouettes, the left-most of the two almost entirely covered in shadow.

Might The Gambia v. Myanmar Help Establish Genocidal Intent in Russia’s War on Ukraine?

The Gambia v. Myanmar case before the ICJ will test legal propositions central to assessing whether Russia's war in Ukraine constitutes a genocide under international law.

How Civil Society Can Help Unlock More Universal and Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Cases

By providing national authorities with detailed evidence, civil society can empower national authorities to investigate atrocity crimes.
A crow flies past a large, industrial ship, adorned with cranes, machines, and metal scaffolding that pierces the sky.

United States Seabed Mineral Activities: Understanding the Legal Landscape

Seabed mining is in the news. Distinctions on who, what, where, when, and why this U.S. mining might occur to guide legal governance.
Uzbek Foreign Minister Bakhtiyor Saidov, left, shakes hands with U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio, right. On each side of the two men is an American and Uzbek flag.

To Secretary Rubio: Demand Freedom for Uzbekistan’s Political Prisoners

The United States must seize its chance to secure the release of political prisoners in Uzbekistan while it has the leverage to do so.
A line of cars snaking from the foreground to the back of the frame, lined up at a gas station with a roof bearing the company name "Gazpromneft" in Cyrillic letters.

Fueling Russia’s War: The Russian Diesel Deal and International Law

By lifting export restrictions on Russian diesel, the United States arguably bears responsibility for aiding and assisting Russia's unlawful use of force against Ukraine.
An oil tanker is visible in the center of the image, foregrounded by blue ocean waters.

Prize Courts Are Still Good Law. That Doesn’t Make Them a Good Idea.

The proposed revival of prize courts to seize Iranian oil vessels rests on a misunderstanding of the courts' historical purposes and the nature of modern naval warfare.
A wide shot of a UN conference room, where Andrii Melnyk (on screen), Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the U.N., appears, speaking into a microphone on a large screen against a black backdrop with the United Nations logo. Seated conference attendees appear in the foreground.

Hope – and Vigilance – on the Road to a Crimes Against Humanity Treaty

Proponents of a crimes against humanity treaty will need to redouble their efforts to shore up the support necessary to ensure it is strong and effective.
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Just Security’s Artificial Intelligence Archive

Just Security's collection of 100+ articles analyzing the implications of AI for society, democracy, human rights, and warfare.
Aerial view of dozens of people milling about in an arid landscape of red earth, a lone tree in the background and a range of mountains in the distance at the back right of the image. There are a few makeshift shelters of scrap wood or covered in white tarps, and what looks like rows of more shelters at the back right. Several people are leaning against stacked white bags of wheat flour in the foreground.

How to Better Enforce the Darfur Arms Embargo

Rather than expand the arms embargo on Darfur, the UN Security Council should take steps that would give the existing embargo teeth.
A collage of images featuring scenes from the Russia - Ukraine War.

Just Security’s Russia–Ukraine War Archive

A catalog of over 100 articles (many with Ukrainian translations) on the Russia Ukraine War -- law, diplomacy, policy options, and more.

Landmark UN Declaration on Sea-Level Rise Offers Legal Certainty and International Stability

The Declaration represents an international consensus on legal questions including inundated States' continuing statehood and UN membership.
A man walks through a street covered with rubble and collapsed concrete in the Al-Tuffah neighborhood of Gaza City, Gaza Strip.

Under the Gaza Peace Plan, Who Is Responsible for the Treatment of Protected Persons and What Does That Require?

An analysis of the obligations that the Board of Peace and International Stabilization Force must fulfill with respect to the civilian population of Gaza.
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