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Data Centers as Military Objectives: The Russian and Ukrainian Justifications

Experts examine four major international legal questions raised by Russian and Ukrainian attacks on data centers.
The US Navy warship USS Sampson (DDG 102) docks at the Amador International Cruise Terminal in Panama City on September 02, 2025. Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro said on September 1, 2025, that eight US military vessels with 1,200 missiles were targeting his country, which he declared to be in a state of "maximum readiness to defend" itself. (Photo by MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP via Getty Images)

Timeline of Boat Strikes and Related Actions

A timeline that chronicles major events in the Trump administration’s campaign of lethal strikes against suspected drug traffickers in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific.

How Civil Society Can Help Unlock More Universal and Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Cases

By providing national authorities with detailed evidence, civil society can empower national authorities to investigate atrocity crimes.
A close-up shot of Voislav Torden (aka Yan Petrovsky) in court wearing a tan backwards ball-cap and a dark patterned sweater. A bald man wearing what appears to be a security guard uniform and a face mask appears in the background of the shot out of focus.

Finland’s Prosecution of Russian Mercenary: The Rusich Appellate Ruling and War Crimes Accountability

The ruling upholding the conviction of a Russian mercenary leader opens new avenues for the prosecution of Russian irregular forces.
A kneeling firefighter wearing a black uniform and yellow helmet aims a firehose at the second storey window of a smoking, bombed-out office building.

Data Centers at War: The Defender’s Duty to Protect Civilians

Peacetime decisions about the location and protection of data centers may determine the risks civilians face when armed conflict erupts.
A line of cars snaking from the foreground to the back of the frame, lined up at a gas station with a roof bearing the company name "Gazpromneft" in Cyrillic letters.

Fueling Russia’s War: The Russian Diesel Deal and International Law

By lifting export restrictions on Russian diesel, the United States arguably bears responsibility for aiding and assisting Russia's unlawful use of force against Ukraine.
An oil tanker is visible in the center of the image, foregrounded by blue ocean waters.

Prize Courts Are Still Good Law. That Doesn’t Make Them a Good Idea.

The proposed revival of prize courts to seize Iranian oil vessels rests on a misunderstanding of the courts' historical purposes and the nature of modern naval warfare.
A wide shot of a UN conference room, where Andrii Melnyk (on screen), Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the U.N., appears, speaking into a microphone on a large screen against a black backdrop with the United Nations logo. Seated conference attendees appear in the foreground.

Hope – and Vigilance – on the Road to a Crimes Against Humanity Treaty

Proponents of a crimes against humanity treaty will need to redouble their efforts to shore up the support necessary to ensure it is strong and effective.
A blue wooden plaque bearing the map outline of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and the text "U.S. Naval Station, Guantanamo Baby, Cuba. Pearl of the Antilles. Commanding Officer Capt. Samuel T. White. Welcome Aboard."

The 9/11 Military Commission and Lessons of Recent History

The rulings that the accused 9/11 plotters' confessions are inadmissible are a reminder that the U.S. government fares better when it abides by the law.
Pope Leo, wearing a white cassock, is seen in profile, lighting candles in what looks like a black wrought iron stand, before an audience including clergy, against a backdrop of a large blue and white outline drawing of a dove of peace.

A Better Path for Peace and Security? Focus on Dignity.

Efforts to end wars and protect civilians could benefit greatly from a renewed commitment to the near-universal value of dignity.
Collage of images pertaining to artificial intelligence

Just Security’s Artificial Intelligence Archive

Just Security's collection of 100+ articles analyzing the implications of AI for society, democracy, human rights, and warfare.
Aerial view of dozens of people milling about in an arid landscape of red earth, a lone tree in the background and a range of mountains in the distance at the back right of the image. There are a few makeshift shelters of scrap wood or covered in white tarps, and what looks like rows of more shelters at the back right. Several people are leaning against stacked white bags of wheat flour in the foreground.

How to Better Enforce the Darfur Arms Embargo

Rather than expand the arms embargo on Darfur, the UN Security Council should take steps that would give the existing embargo teeth.
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