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ILLUSTRATION of cybercrime and hacking activity with a laptop displaying a pirate symbol while a hooded person uses a digital tablet in a dark environment

Aggregating Illegality: The Accumulation of Events Doctrine in Contemporary Challenges

International law must adapt to AI-enabled ransomware threats to ensure accountability for the cumulative injury inflicted by their campaigns.
An F/A-18E Super Hornet approaches to land on an aircraft carrier flight deck, with the nose and wing-mounted missiles of another jet in the foreground and a flight deck crew member signaling below.

Strategic Attack on Iran: Airpower’s Promises, Limits, and Lessons

Operation Epic Fury demonstrates that airpower is both essential and insufficient. A review of what the campaign reveals about airpower's promises, limits and lessons in Iran.
Collage of the Israel-Iran conflict

Collection: Iran, Israel and the United States at War (2025-2026 Operations)

Experts analyze the US-Israel Iran military conflicts - covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and domestic and international law.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio (C, back) looks on as (L/R, front row) Israeli Ambassador to the US Yechiel Leiter, State Department Chief of Staff Daniel Holler, and Lebanese Ambassador to the US Nada Hamadeh sign a framework agreement at the US Department of State in Washington, DC, on June 26, 2026.

The Israel-Lebanon Framework Agreement: Return to the “Land for Peace”’ Formula

Experts examine the implications of the framework agreement signed by Israel, Lebanon, and the United States in June.
A view of the United Nations headquarters building in New York on September 17, 2025. The first day of high-level General Debate for the 80th session of the UN General Assembly will begin on September 23, 2025.

AI in the Military Domain: Multilateralism at a Crossroad

Recent U.N. discussions add a new forum on global governance and international norms on military uses of A.I.
M23 soldiers walk down the street as M23 North Kivu provincial leadership marked one year of M23's control of Goma with a review of ongoing construction work and a visit to the Stade de l'Unite on February 6, 2026 in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo.

DRC Takes Rwanda to the ICJ: Proxy Warfare, Layered Obligations, and the Future of State Responsibility

The DRC’s case against Rwanda could mark an important moment in the legal development of responsibility for proxy warfare.
A soldier holds a drone in the Pentagon parking lot on June 14, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia.

The Pentagon’s Autonomous Weapons Definitions Don’t Need an Overhaul, They Need an Update

The Pentagon's push to integrate AI into weapons systems exposes a critical gap: no one can agree on what "autonomous weapons" means.
Damaged bridge over a river with a large hole in the middle and people looking on.

When Civilian Infrastructure Becomes a Lawful Target

Civilian infrastructure is not targetable merely because it is economically significant or politically useful to strike, but only when it offers a definite military advantage.
U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth testifies during a Senate Appropriations Committee hearing in the Dirksen Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill on July 21, 2026 in Washington, DC.

Clausewitz on Operation Epic Fury

Applying Clausewitz’s principles to Operation Epic Fury reveals the war’s strategic design–architecture linking military action to political purpose–was deficient from…
A red and white cargo ship at sea in the distance, with a yellow crane-like piece of equipment, presumably at the terminal, in the foreground.

Merchant Mariners: Unseen in Peacetime and Forgotten in Conflict

The U.S.-Israeli war with Iran illustrates how thousands of merchant mariners, so desperately needed globally, increasingly are trapped at sea during times of conflict.
The exterior of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague on March 28, 2026.

The State Department’s Campaign Against the ICC Rests on a Misunderstanding of How the Court Actually Works

While the ICC does have real problems, the State Department's campaign against it is premised on a misapprehension of how the Court works.
The building of the International Criminal Court in The Hague in 2019. (Photo by OSeveno via Wikimedia Commons under Creative Commons license)

In Context: Analyzing Secretary Rubio’s International Criminal Court Op-Ed

International law scholars address some of the factual claims and underlying assumptions in Secretary Marco Rubio's op-ed on dismantling the International Criminal Court.
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