Armed Conflict • International Law
Law of Armed Conflict/IHL
1,759 Articles

Aggregating Illegality: The Accumulation of Events Doctrine in Contemporary Challenges
International law must adapt to AI-enabled ransomware threats to ensure accountability for the cumulative injury inflicted by their campaigns.

Strategic Attack on Iran: Airpower’s Promises, Limits, and Lessons
Operation Epic Fury demonstrates that airpower is both essential and insufficient. A review of what the campaign reveals about airpower's promises, limits and lessons in Iran.

Collection: Iran, Israel and the United States at War (2025-2026 Operations)
Experts analyze the US-Israel Iran military conflicts - covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and domestic and international law.

The Israel-Lebanon Framework Agreement: Return to the “Land for Peace”’ Formula
Experts examine the implications of the framework agreement signed by Israel, Lebanon, and the United States in June.

AI in the Military Domain: Multilateralism at a Crossroad
Recent U.N. discussions add a new forum on global governance and international norms on military uses of A.I.

DRC Takes Rwanda to the ICJ: Proxy Warfare, Layered Obligations, and the Future of State Responsibility
The DRC’s case against Rwanda could mark an important moment in the legal development of responsibility for proxy warfare.

The Pentagon’s Autonomous Weapons Definitions Don’t Need an Overhaul, They Need an Update
The Pentagon's push to integrate AI into weapons systems exposes a critical gap: no one can agree on what "autonomous weapons" means.

When Civilian Infrastructure Becomes a Lawful Target
Civilian infrastructure is not targetable merely because it is economically significant or politically useful to strike, but only when it offers a definite military advantage.

Clausewitz on Operation Epic Fury
Applying Clausewitz’s principles to Operation Epic Fury reveals the war’s strategic design–architecture linking military action to political purpose–was deficient from…

Merchant Mariners: Unseen in Peacetime and Forgotten in Conflict
The U.S.-Israeli war with Iran illustrates how thousands of merchant mariners, so desperately needed globally, increasingly are trapped at sea during times of conflict.

The State Department’s Campaign Against the ICC Rests on a Misunderstanding of How the Court Actually Works
While the ICC does have real problems, the State Department's campaign against it is premised on a misapprehension of how the Court works.

In Context: Analyzing Secretary Rubio’s International Criminal Court Op-Ed
International law scholars address some of the factual claims and underlying assumptions in Secretary Marco Rubio's op-ed on dismantling the International Criminal Court.