UN Charter

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An F/A-18E Super Hornet approaches to land on an aircraft carrier flight deck, with the nose and wing-mounted missiles of another jet in the foreground and a flight deck crew member signaling below.

Strategic Attack on Iran: Airpower’s Promises, Limits, and Lessons

Operation Epic Fury demonstrates that airpower is both essential and insufficient. A review of what the campaign reveals about airpower's promises, limits and lessons in Iran.
Six people stand behind podiums in front of the U.N. General Assembly dias with its gold backdrop, all facing two individuals sitting at a desk in front of them (apparently the moderators of the discussion).

U.N. Secretary-General Candidates May Agree More than They Differ on the Way Forward

The seven candidates share a common premise: that the U.N. remains indispensable but is struggling to meet the demands of a rapidly changing world.
Wide view of the UN General Assembly Hall showing delegates standing at their desks, with the UN emblem illuminated on the gold wall behind the dias and a large screen displaying the chamber.

After a Failed U.N. Counterterrorism Strategy Review, What Other Paths to Structural Reform?

The U.N.'s periodic review of its counterterrorism strategy again leaves human rights protections weak and its sprawling system unchecked.
General view taken at the start of the first hearing at the International Court of Justice in which Myanmar is accused of committing genocide against the country's Muslim minority, the Rohingya, in the Hague on January 12, 2026.

Genocide and Intent to Kill Revisited

An expert examines the implications of the ICJ's caselaw for the genocide case that Gambia brought against Myanmar.
U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth testifies during a Senate Appropriations Committee hearing in the Dirksen Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill on July 21, 2026 in Washington, DC.

Clausewitz on Operation Epic Fury

Applying Clausewitz’s principles to Operation Epic Fury reveals the war’s strategic design–architecture linking military action to political purpose–was deficient from…

Collection: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers, Operation Southern Spear, Operation Absolute Resolve

Collection of expert analysis on the legality of the U.S. strike on Venezuelan vessels in the Caribbean, the consequences of the strike, and related issues.
The United Nations Security Council meets on the Middle East, at UN Headquarters in New York, on June 10, 2026.

A Path For Middle Powers and a Rules-Based International Order: A Functional Perspective

German scholars argue that from a realpolitik perspective, commitment to international law is essential for States whose power is limited.
A six-panel illustrated comic strip depicting a Fourth of July barbecue.

As American as International Law

A Fourth of July barbecue demonstrates how international law shapes daily life, from weather forecasts to global trade, and where that architecture is under strain.
This photograph shows smoke rising above buildings following an air attack in Kharkiv on June 10, 2026, amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Beyond the Vanishing Point? What the Destruction of Civilian Infrastructure in Armed Conflicts Reveals about the State and the Role of IHL Today

There is a widening gap between international humanitarian law and the realities of civilians affected by armed conflicts.
U.S. forces patrol the Arabian Sea near M/V Touska on April 20, 2026, after firing upon the Iranian-flagged vessel that the U.S. accused of attempting to violate the U.S. naval blockade of Iranian ports near the Strait of Hormuz.

Blockade and Article 2(4) of the UN Charter

"The U.S. military’s enforcement of the ongoing naval blockade of Iran may have now resulted in fresh violations of the U.N. Charter against four entirely different countries."
Pigeons fly against a darkened, cloudy sky looming over a skyline of mid-rise buildings in the background and a destroyed concrete building in the foreground.

Ukraine and the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression: Redefining International Justice

The tribunal to prosecute Russia's crime of aggression seeks to close one of the most enduring gaps in international criminal law and strengthen the U.N. Charter.
A wide view of the Security Council meeting on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question on May 21, 2026. (Via UN Photo) A wide view of the Security Council meeting on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question on May 21, 2026. (Via UN Photo)

Follow the Law, Not the Plan: Legal Considerations for Third States in Gaza

Third State’s support for Trump’s Gaza plan must remain strictly conditioned on compliance with international law and be continuously reassessed in light of evolving facts.…
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