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U.S. forces patrol the Arabian Sea near M/V Touska on April 20, 2026, after firing upon the Iranian-flagged vessel that the U.S. accused of attempting to violate the U.S. naval blockade of Iranian ports near the Strait of Hormuz.

Blockade and Article 2(4) of the UN Charter

"The U.S. military’s enforcement of the ongoing naval blockade of Iran may have now resulted in fresh violations of the U.N. Charter against four entirely different countries."
Xi, at left, is seen walking alongside Putin in front of an honor guard standing at attention, dressed in formal white uniforms and caps with gold trim, holding bayonets pointed upwards.

China’s Global ‘Concierge Services’ to Strengthen Fellow Authoritarians

China's intrusive military, economic, and diplomatic aid to Russia, Iran, and others spreads autocratic practices such as secrecy, censorship, surveillance, and corruption.
Hegseth is seen in the foreground, walking by a wooden dias where members of the Senate Appropriations Committee are standing and sitting in a wood-paneled room.

Congress Can Act Now on U.S. DoD Inspector’s Report Revealing Violations of Civilian Harm Policy and Law

A Defense Department Inspector General report shows the Pentagon’s failure to prioritize congressionally mandated civilian protection mechanisms amid U.S. military action.
A woman with dark hair tied in a ponytail, wearing a plain dark t-shirt sits at a desk covered with gadgets in front of a window, in a small room with drones pinned to the plywood walls on three sides.

How Ukraine Became a Drone Superpower

Ukraine is rewriting the rules of air power, replacing stockpiles of weapons as key factors in warfare with quantity, speed, and the ability to learn faster than the enemy.
A protester blocks a road with a burning barricade to prevent traffic from passing during a nationwide transport strike over rising fuel prices in Nairobi on May 18, 2026.

The Middle East War Will Reshape Africa’s Democratic Trajectory

The economic fallout across Africa from the Iran war will have major impact on the well-being of African citizens and the prospects for democracy on the continent.
In this handout photo provided by U.S. Central Command, Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS Rafael Peralta (DDG 115) implements a maritime blockade against an Iranian-flagged ship attempting to sail toward an Iranian port, on April 26, 2026 in the Arabian Sea. Rafael Peralta is deployed to the U.S. 5th Fleet area of operations to support maritime security and stability in the Middle East. (Handout photo by U.S. Navy via Getty Images)

Is the United States (Still) at War? How Wars Begin and End

Armed conflict is not a matter of political branding, rhetorical convenience, or domestic law positioning. It is a legal status that turns on objective facts.

The Just Security Podcast: Reporting at a Crossroads

A panel hosted by the Reiss Center and Just Security explores challenges facing national security journalism, legal risks, and newsroom leadership in a polarized landscape.
French President Macron (seated on left), European Commission President von der Leyen (standing center), and European Council President Antonio Costa (seated right) interact as three men stand behind them. Macron, his hands clasped at his chin, is listening to von der Leyen and Costa.

The Transatlantic Dilemma: How to Pursue Autonomy Without Foreclosing Future Cooperation

Transatlantic relations are unraveling as U.S.-Europe tensions deepen over Ukraine, Iran, and NATO, risking a long-term shift from cooperation to strategic rivalry.
People wave Iranian flags from the bed of a truck depicting Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani

Is the United States at War with Iraq?

The non-international armed conflict between the Islamic Resistance in Iraq and the United States and Israel has yet to transform into an international armed conflict.
The facade of the ICC building.

Transnational Repression and the Case for International Criminal Accountability

International criminal law should be applied to transnational repression. The tools to do so may already exist.
A tanker is docked at an offloading terminal.

Taking a Toll

How allowing Iran to charge for transit in the Strait of Hormuz could undermine U.S. strategy in the Pacific and beyond
Collage of the Israel-Iran conflict

Collection: Iran, Israel and the United States at War (2025-2026 Operations)

Experts analyze the US-Israel Iran military conflicts - covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and domestic and international law.
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