Armed Conflicts

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A man watches a tugboat in a port.

The United States-Cuba Oil Embargo and International Law

Experts on naval warfare examine the international law dimensions of the United States campaign against Cuba.
Women, men, and children, some dressed in colorful traditional Ukrainian embroidered shirts, some draped in or flying blue and yellow Ukrainian flags and one draped in an Australian flag, hold stuffed animals as they stand next to each other facing the camera, against a backdrop with a big, leafy tree in the back left and a cityscape of mid-rise buildings in the background.

Ukrainian Children Under Russian Control: Why Tracing, Return, Reintegration, and Justice Must Be Addressed Together

Return alone cannot be the only framework through which the international community and Ukrainian authorities address the issue of Ukrainian children under Russian control.

A Primer on Just War Theory and the Iran War

Leading scholar explains just war theory and the Iran war. An assessment of the Trump administration's response to the Catholic Church.
Thousands of people wave Syrian flags as they gather in a square during an anniversary rally in Idlib, Syria, on December 8, 2025. (Photo by Omar Albaw / Middle East Images / AFP via Getty Images)

An Urgent Call to Break the Cycle of Division and Exclusion in Syria

Sectarianism in Syria persists, and reinforces a cycle of division. A constitutional process that does not grapple with sectarianism will only reinforce it.
A sign that reads "Protection Desk" stands in front of a low, makeshift shelter of what looks like carpets or brightly colored red fabric suspended over mostly woman and children sitting on the ground or on small ground covers under the shelter. A few buckets and bags sit on the ground around the sign. In the background is a big blue metal corrugated building and further behind to the left is a large soiled white tent. At the right of the image is a tall, white wall extending on the side of the compound.

Fleeing Sudan’s War: Refugees Detail Three Years of Trauma

Three years into Sudan’s war, famine spreads, cities fall under siege, and millions flee. Refugees recount a litany of losses, with no end in sight.
An overhead view of the Pentagon building in Washington, DC.

In Response to the Letter by International Law Experts

Four experts, who have each served as Senior Law of War Advisor, respond to Letter by 100+ international law experts on Iran war published at Just Security.
Woman sitting down, holding an AK-47 in her lap, in a military base hidden among the mountains in Khalifa, Erbil Province, Iraq.

The International Legal Consequences and Imprudence of U.S. Assistance to Kurdish Rebels in Iran

U.S. policies of funding rebel groups to achieve shared strategic objectives while turning a blind eye to ideology and international law has proven to be myopic time and again
wp-ep134-thumbnail-sudan-enters-its-fourth-year-of-civil-war

The Just Security Podcast: Sudan Enters Its Fourth Year of Civil War

Quscondy Abdulshafi joins host Viola Gienger to discuss how Sudan got to this point, how the international community has responded, and where to go next. 
A large ship is seen in off a coast

Mined and Blockaded: Iran’s Unlawful Mining and the U.S. Port Blockade

If transit passage rights wither away in the Strait of Hormuz, then every chokepoint in the world is potentially exposed.
(L/R) US Vice President JD Vance, Jared Kushner, U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio look on as US President Donald Trump holds up a resolution document that he signed during the inaugural meeting of the "Board of Peace" at the US Institute of Peace in Washington, DC, on February 19, 2026. (Photo by SAUL LOEB / AFP via Getty Images)

Some Questions for Congress About Trump’s Request for Funding for the Board of Peace

Close scrutiny of the administration’s plans for contributions to the Board of Peace is warranted in light of the large dollar amounts involved.
Plumes of smoke rise following reported explosions in Tehran early on March 3, 2026. The United States and Israel started striking Iran on February 28, killing Iran's supreme leader and top military leaders, and prompting authorities to retaliate with strikes on Israel and across the Gulf. (Photo by ATTA KENARE / AFP via Getty Images)

Over 100 International Law Experts Warn: U.S. Strikes on Iran Violate UN Charter and May Be War Crimes

Over 100 international law experts sign letter on Iran War, UN Charter, and international humanitarian law.
A group of Sudanese individuals receive food aid.

Amid Shaky Ceasefire, War in Iran Is Starving Sudan

The Iran war did not create Sudan’s humanitarian crisis, but it is accelerating it, deepening it, and narrowing the window to stop it.
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