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Former head of political security in south Syria's Daraa province, Atif Najib attends the first trial session at the Palace of Justice, in Damascus on April 26, 2026. Najib is the former head of political security in south Syria's Daraa province, the cradle of the country's 2011 uprising, and is accused of orchestrating a crackdown there. (Photo by Bakr ALkasem / AFP via Getty Images)

Building Justice After Assad: Syria’s Accountability Dilemma and Pathways to Justice

Syria’s first post-Assad trials spark hope and concern, as legal gaps and due process risks challenge efforts to deliver credible, inclusive justice for victims.
People sit, their backs to the camera, in a large hall, watching a large TV screen on a platform that shows Ongwen's face. Two illegible banners hang on stands to the right of the screen. Two windows behind the platform are covered to shade the brightness and ease viewing of the television.

How to Acknowledge Forced Marriage as a Standalone Crime in the Draft Crimes Against Humanity Treaty

Adding forced marriage to the draft Crimes Against Humanity Convention would codify a distinct international crime, reflect its severe harms, and improve legal clarity.
Collage of photos, including a young boy, war-torn buildings, people walking, and a hand.

Protecting Civilians in Good Faith: A Joint Symposium on the Updated ICRC Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention

Expert authors examine key interpretive issues and selected topics in the updated Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention​ on protection of civilians during civil war.
A collage of images featuring scenes from the Russia - Ukraine War.

Just Security’s Russia–Ukraine War Archive

A catalog of over 100 articles (many with Ukrainian translations) on the Russia Ukraine War -- law, diplomacy, policy options, and more.
People wait for information outside the Mexican Specialized Prosecutor's Office for Missing Persons in Guadalajara, Jalisco state, Mexico on April 6, 2026.

Widespread and Systematic Disappearances in Mexico: An Urgent Call for UN Action Under the Convention on Enforced Disappearances

The UN General Assembly and Mexico have the unique opportunity to ensure full realization of the rights of victims and reduce enforced disappearances. They should take it.
A man takes a photo of an older man's image on a screen.

Codifying Forced Marriage in the Crimes Against Humanity Convention: From Jurisprudence to Treaty Text

States now have an opportunity to codify forced marriage as a specific violation in a proposed treaty on crimes against humanity.
A Ukrainian man wearing fatigues carries a drone through what looks like a hallway in a residential apartment.

Iranian Officials’ Legal Liability in Russia’s Drone War on Ukraine

A forthcoming report argues that liability extends to Iranian officials involved in providing industrial, financial, and logistical support for Russia's atrocities in Ukraine.
Elinor Hammarskjöld (on screen), UN Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs, addresses the first session of the Preparatory Committee for the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Humanity, held from Jan. 19-30, 2026. (via UN Photo)

The Crimes Against Humanity Treaty Advances with First Preparatory Committee

PrepCom’s success will depend on leadership, diverse perspectives, and a shared commitment to justice in a divisive multilateral environment.
Wooden gavel on a blue background with glowing digital circuit patterns, representing the connection between the legal system​ and data privacy​.​ (via Getty Images)

Technology and the ICRC’s GC IV 2025 Commentary

Surveys how the 2025 ICRC GC IV Commentary integrates technology into its analysis of specific rules, while raising concerns about its treatment of data as property.
Under a hazy, grey sky, a convoy of white vehicles drives along a dusty road near Saraya Square in western Gaza City on Jan​. 19, 2025. The vehicles are marked with the the International Committee of the Red Cross' stickers and flags.

“Significantly Diminished”: Commenting Anew on Article 23 of Geneva Convention IV in a Transformed Legal Context

New Commentary on GC IV describes Article 23—the treaty’s key provision governing the duty to allow the passage of essentials to civilians—as "significantly diminished" today.

Proving Genocide: Genocidal Intent and Other Aims

In Gambia v. Myanmar, genocidal intent coexists with other aims, revealed through conduct or official statements, showing how destruction of a group can serve broader goals.
EU and Ukrainian flags fly in the wind in front of the Berlaymont, the EU Commission headquarter for the 4th year anniversary of the full scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia, on February 23, 2025 in Brussels, Belgium. (Photo by Thierry Monasse/Getty Images)

Toward A Just and Lawful Peace in Ukraine: Part II

As the war in Ukraine continues to unfold, international lawyers must keep insisting that law be injected into diplomacy and accountability into power politics.
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