Armed Conflict • International Law
Use of Force
961 Articles

Reprisals and the Paradox of Trust: Why Threats of Retaliation in the Iran War are Unlikely to Work
Reprisals demand trust between adversaries, yet they often spark escalation. Their ban under international law is both moral and practical.

The Dangers of Hegseth’s “Warfighter” Ethos
Hegseth may present his version of a warfighter as the paragon of U.S. military power, but for all his talk, he fails to recognize the true strengths of the armed forces.

When War Crimes Rhetoric Becomes Battlefield Reality: The Slippery Slope to Total War on Iran
Former JAGs warn that threats to strike Iran’s power plants would violate the law of war and endanger U.S. service members’ legal and moral obligations.

Washington Is Backing the Wrong Lebanon Strategy
The U.S. should link Lebanese state-building and Hezbollah disarmament through a political process, not war, to secure a durable Israel-Lebanon ceasefire.

“Precision Strike Missiles” (PrSMs) in Iran War: The U.S. Obligation to Conduct a Legal Review of New Weapons
Leading expert on U.S. legal reviews of new weapons systems discusses Precision Strike Missiles deployed in Iran war.

Khamenei’s Killing and the Perilous Death of the Assassination Ban
Khamenei’s killing ends the U.S. ban on assassination and signals a shift as nations may forsake diplomacy, embracing force to eliminate foreign adversaries.

Transitional Justice in Syria: Domestic-Led Accountability Efforts Cannot Function in Isolation
Syria’s transition does not occur in isolation, and its justice process will depend on how well domestic efforts connect with the global accountability landscape.

Expert Q&A: A Targeting Primer on the Iran War
Leading legal experts' Q&A analyzes how the law of armed conflict applies to U.S., Israeli, and Iranian strikes - with a focus on targeting rules and civilian protections.

When Intelligence Fails: A Legal Targeting Analysis of the Minab School Strike
The law of armed conflict demands that we take the Minab school strike seriously to learn, to reform, and to prevent the next failure.

Just Security’s Israel-Hamas War Archive
Just Security's collection of more than 110 articles covering the Israel-Hamas War and its diplomatic, legal, and humanitarian consequences.

Self-Preservation and the Erosion of International Law
It is the violation of fundamental principles of international law that ultimately constitutes an existential threat to all members of the international community.

Transitional Justice in Post-Assad Syria: A Transformative Framework for Accountability and Reform
In designing an effective transitional justice framework in Syria, policymakers must employ careful sequencing, transparency, and broad participation in implementation.