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A man uses a smartphone while speaking with another riding a motorcycle along the side of a street in the Iranian capital Tehran on November 23, 2019.

For Free Expression in Iran, the U.S. Can Act to Keep the Internet On

The US should allow American companies to provide technology services and platforms to the Iranian people without fear of violating sanctions.
Flags of USA and Iran

White House ‘1264 Notice’ and Novel Legal Claims for Military Action Against Iran

"The administration’s positions amount to a fundamental revision of existing legal foundations for military action against Iran that can be undertaken by this and future presidents."
Two girls sit in a north Tehran coffee shop using Facebook on a laptop and looking at a mobile phone on October 13, 2013.

Instagram Content Removals in Iran Highlight Questions Over Facebook’s New Oversight Board

Facebook’s recent release of the bylaws for its new Oversight Board, which will be charged with reviewing takedown decisions by Facebook and Instagram, came on the heels of reports…
Abstract Background - Cyber Internet

Punching on the Edges of the Grey Zone: Iranian Cyber Threats and State Cyber Responses

Retired Colonel Gary Corn, a former senior JAG at U.S. Cyber Command, discusses broader legal international norms to counter Iran and other states’ malicious cyber activities.…
A wide view of the Security Council as Ghassan Salamé (on screen), Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), briefs the Council meeting on the situation in Libya. 30 January 2020

National Security at the United Nations This Past Week

Editor’s Note: This is the latest in Just Security’s weekly series keeping readers up to date on developments at the United Nations at the intersection of national security,…
Rescue teams work amidst debris after a Ukrainian plane carrying 176 passengers crashed near Imam Khomeini airport in the Iranian capital Tehran early in the morning on January 8, 2020, killing everyone on board.

Human Shielding (by Omission) in Iran

Iran violated its legal obligations to take passive precautions to protect civilians under its control, with the intent that those civilians shield military targets from attack.…
Members of Iraq's Hashed al-Shaabi military network set a door ablaze as they try to break into the US embassy building in the capital Baghdad, on December 31, 2019.

After Soleimani Strike, Iran-Backed Militias Threaten Iraq’s Stability: An Explainer

There is a real risk that Iran-backed militias are driving Iraq back towards conflict. And their power is greatly enhanced by their legal status as organs of the Iraqi state.
Pins on a Map of Europe and North Africa

Compilation of States’ Reactions to U.S. and Iranian Uses of Force in Iraq in January 2020

A comprehensive guide to every state in the world's reaction to the U.S. operation killing of Qassem Soleimani and to the Iranian military response.
Trump

How to Think About the Soleimani Strike in Four Questions

Four fundamental questions come to mind in the aftermath of the strike that can and should be debated.
Iranians march across a bridge on January 5, 2020 in the northwestern city of Ahvaz to pay homage to top general Qasem Soleimani, after he was killed in a US strike in Baghdad.

Iran’s Leaders Preserve the Republic With a Hybrid of International and Islamic Law

The rhetorical strategy allows them to address the world and Iranians at the same time, while passing on different messages.
Trump speaks from the White House on January 08, 2020 in Washington, DC. Pence, Esper and others stand around him.

The President, His Relationship with Intelligence, and the Soleimani Strike

When it comes to intelligence, like with so much else, President Donald Trump likes big names. It’s this focus on celebrity, headlines, and immediate gratification -- versus …
Side by side photos of Gina Haspel and Joseph Maguire both giving testimony at separate meetings.

Three Things to Look For in the 2020 “Worldwide Threat Assessment” from the U.S. Intelligence Community

A year ago, very few Americans had ever heard of the U.S. intelligence community’s annual worldwide threats assessment and briefing to Congress. This year, the country should…
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