International Criminal Court (ICC)

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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky gestures while walking away from the International Criminal Court building in The Hague during his first visit to the Netherlands on May 4, 2023.

Assessing the ICC’s Impact in Ukraine

An analysis of the ICC’s warrants against Putin and Lvova-Belova, exploring their real impact on diplomacy, deterrence, and justice in Ukraine.
3D rendering of the scales of justice and a wooden gavel on a desk (via Getty Images).

International Criminal Court Intervention in Civil Wars: A Tradeoff Between Atrocity Prevention and Peace

Although ICC intervention does appear to deter atrocities, on balance, its involvement in ongoing civil wars fails to facilitate peaceful settlement in most cases.
Visualization of digital justice

Securing Justice for Cyber-Enabled International Crimes

A new ICC policy provides a valuable framework for the investigation of cyber-enabled international crimes.
Close-up of a bronze Lady Justice statue holding balanced scales in front of a blurred modern office background, symbolizing fairness and the law.

International Human Rights and Criminal Courts and the End of War

The relationship between international courts and States shapes how they provide accountability, build peace, and respond to backlash.
U.N. Security Council members seated in a circular chamber raise their hands to vote unanimously for Resolution 808 establishing a war crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, 22 February 1993.

Pursuing Truth, Not Peace: International Courts’ Limited Ability to Help End Wars

International courts rarely end wars, but when designed humbly, creatively, and fairly, they can help parties choose law over war—turning justice into a path toward peace.
Visualization of law and justice

The Road to a New Convention on Crimes Against Humanity

A new treaty on crimes against humanity will require extensive dialogue and ongoing efforts to engage delegations about the substantive issues.
International criminal court sign and building.

Judging War: The Legitimacy of International Courts in Armed Conflicts

This article examines how the ICJ and ICC navigate legitimacy challenges in armed conflicts, testing their authority, fairness, and impact on global peace and justice.
An image of the International Court of Justice chambers.

Symposium Introduction: Is There a Role for International Courts in Ending Wars?

Judicial involvement in ongoing armed conflicts should be examined from multiple vantage points: courts, victims, parties to conflict, and broader goals of peace and security.
A globe in front of books

The Prosecution of Crimes against Humanity: a National Perspective

An international convention on prevention and punishment of crimes against humanity would be a visible step toward accountability.
Gavel and a globe

Overview of the ILC Draft Articles for a Crimes Against Humanity Convention

An expert overview of the draft articles produced by the ILC for the upcoming U.N. conference on a Crimes Against Humanity Treaty.
Gavel in front of a globe

Negotiating a Treaty on Crimes Against Humanity – Introduction to the Joint Symposium

A symposium featured expert analyses of issues related to advancing the draft International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Humanity.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ), principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings (by video link) on the preliminary objections raised by Myanmar in the case concerning "Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (The Gambia v. Myanmar) at the Peace Palace in The Hague, from 21 to 28 February 2022. Sessions are held under the presidency of Judge Joan E. Donoghue, President of the Court.

Elements of Genocide: Intent to Kill

The ICJ should explicitly interpret ‘intentionally’ killing members of a group to include dolus directus and dolus eventualis in the case brought by Gambia against Myanmar.
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