genocide

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Dodik, dressed in a dark blue suit and tie and white shirt, is shown in front of a blue backdrop with the white, gold, blue and red seal of Republika Srpska. He is speaking into a half dozen red and blue microphones and pointing to a spiral bound report.

Bosnian Serb Secessionists Wield Islamophobia to Gain International Support for Their Cause

In U.S. and Israel meetings, Bosnian Serb leaders used anti-Muslim rhetoric to gain support for their ethno-nationalist separatist project.
IMAGES (left to right): People search through buildings, destroyed during Israeli air raids in the southern Gaza Strip on November 7, 2023 in Khan Yunis, Gaza (Photo by Ahmad Hasaballah/Getty Images); A fireball erupts during Israeli bombardment of Gaza City on October 9, 2023 (Photo by Mahmud Hams/AFP via Getty Images); The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings on the request for the indication of provisional measures submitted by South Africa in the case South Africa v. Israel on 11 and 12 January 2024, at the Peace Palace in The Hague, the seat of the Court (Photo by the International Court of Justice).

Just Security’s Israel-Hamas War Archive

Just Security's collection of more than 110 articles covering the Israel-Hamas War and its diplomatic, legal, and humanitarian consequences.

Proving Genocide: Genocidal Intent and Other Aims

In Gambia v. Myanmar, genocidal intent coexists with other aims, revealed through conduct or official statements, showing how destruction of a group can serve broader goals.
People react as they gather close to a mass grave in the town of Bucha, just northwest of the Ukrainian capital Kyiv on April 3, 2022.

Russia’s Eliminationist Rhetoric Against Ukraine: A Collection

Updating a tracker of persistent rhetoric by Russian leaders and their associates -- more than 500 examples -- that may constitute evidence of genocidal intent.
General view taken at the start of the first hearing at the International Court of Justice in which Myanmar is accused of committing genocide against the country's Muslim minority, the Rohingya, in the Hague on January 12, 2026. The Gambia filed the genocide case in cooperation with the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in 2019. Myanmar's military deliberately targeted the Rohingya minority in a bid to destroy the community, Gambia's Justice Minister Dawda Jallow told the International Court of Justice Monday at the start of a genocide hearing. (Photo by Phil Nijhuis / ANP / AFP via Getty Images)

Proving Genocide: The Burden of Proof

The Gambia has not shifted the burden of proof in the Gambia v. Myanmar ICJ case; rather, Myanmar faces a tactical choice in its response.
A globe in front of books

The Prosecution of Crimes against Humanity: a National Perspective

An international convention on prevention and punishment of crimes against humanity would be a visible step toward accountability.
Gavel and a globe

Overview of the ILC Draft Articles for a Crimes Against Humanity Convention

An expert overview of the draft articles produced by the ILC for the upcoming U.N. conference on a Crimes Against Humanity Treaty.
Members of the Delegation of The Gambia Monday 12 January 2026 Photograph: UN Photo/ICJ-CIJ/Frank van Beek. Courtesy of the ICJ. All rights reserved.

Proving Genocide: Party Presentation

Myanmar appears to have changed its position in Gambia v. Myanmar, a historic genocide case before the ICJ. This change may prove decisive in the court's pending decision. 
Gavel in front of a globe

Negotiating a Treaty on Crimes Against Humanity – Introduction to the Joint Symposium

A symposium featured expert analyses of issues related to advancing the draft International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Humanity.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ), principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings (by video link) on the preliminary objections raised by Myanmar in the case concerning "Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (The Gambia v. Myanmar) at the Peace Palace in The Hague, from 21 to 28 February 2022. Sessions are held under the presidency of Judge Joan E. Donoghue, President of the Court.

Elements of Genocide: Intent to Kill

The ICJ should explicitly interpret ‘intentionally’ killing members of a group to include dolus directus and dolus eventualis in the case brought by Gambia against Myanmar.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ), principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings (by video link) on the preliminary objections raised by Myanmar in the case concerning "Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (The Gambia v. Myanmar) at the Peace Palace in The Hague, from 21 to 28 February 2022. (via UN Photo)

Proving Genocide: Patterns of Conduct

As the ICJ hears Gambia v. Myanmar, the Court should continue to consider “patterns of conduct,” while weighing this evidence with other sources for genocidal intent.
The Agent of The Gambia, Abubacarr Marie Tambadou, Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Gambia, speaks on the first day of the December 2019 hearings before the International Court of Justice. Seated at the front is the Agent of Myanmar, Aung San Suu Kyi, Union Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

When Crises Become Courtrooms: How Africa’s Engagement with the ICJ Is Rewriting the Playbook of International Law

Litigants from Africa and the African diaspora are doing more than “using” courts during emergencies. They are actively shaping doctrine.
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