Enemy Belligerents
7 Articles
Protecting Civilians in Good Faith: A Joint Symposium on the Updated ICRC Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention
Expert authors examine key interpretive issues and selected topics in the updated Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention on protection of civilians during civil war.
Technology and the ICRC’s GC IV 2025 Commentary
Surveys how the 2025 ICRC GC IV Commentary integrates technology into its analysis of specific rules, while raising concerns about its treatment of data as property.
“Significantly Diminished”: Commenting Anew on Article 23 of Geneva Convention IV in a Transformed Legal Context
New Commentary on GC IV describes Article 23—the treaty’s key provision governing the duty to allow the passage of essentials to civilians—as "significantly diminished" today.
Closing Loopholes Across Time: the ICRC’s New Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention
The ICRC's updated Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention fills a loophole-closing function and reasserts international humanitarian law's core protective purpose.
Supplying Arms to Ukraine is Not an Act of War
"The Russian legal argument, however, is based on laws of neutrality that no longer hold. The United States and other states supporting Ukraine should refuse to accept these outdated…
Ukraine and War Powers: A Legal Explainer
Top expert discusses whether arms and other military assistance to Ukraine would make US party to the conflict, what triggers War Powers Resolution, and role of NATO Article V.
Good Reasons May Exist to Close CIA Drone Program—But Claim that CIA Agents are “Unprivileged Belligerents” is Not One of Them
Senator John McCain has vowed to accelerate the effort to transition control of drone operations from the CIA to the Pentagon, and he will likely have support from top Senate Democrats.…
1-7 of 7 items