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The Agent of The Gambia, Abubacarr Marie Tambadou, Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Gambia, speaks on the first day of the December 2019 hearings before the International Court of Justice. Seated at the front is the Agent of Myanmar, Aung San Suu Kyi, Union Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

When Crises Become Courtrooms: How Africa’s Engagement with the ICJ Is Rewriting the Playbook of International Law

Litigants from Africa and the African diaspora are doing more than “using” courts during emergencies. They are actively shaping doctrine.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) members arrive to issue first Advisory Opinion (AO) on States' legal obligations to address climate change, in The Hague on July 23, 2025. The top UN court on July 23, 2025 described climate change as an "urgent and existential threat", as it handed down a landmark ruling on the legal obligations of countries to prevent it. (Photo by JOHN THYS/AFP via Getty Images)

Climate-Vulnerable States Vindicated in the Hague: A First Look at the International Court of Justice’s Climate Advisory Opinion

With this unanimous opinion, the ICJ has taken a clear stand in favor of a coherent and equitable international legal response to climate change.
A group of representatives of small island nations stand, smiling for a group photo, in front of the International Court of Justice building.

An Interim Report on the ICJ’s Climate Advisory Opinion

The International Court of Justice's proceedings in a climate change advisory opinion case stand to issue important, authoritative guidance about the nature and interaction of…
The emblem of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea is shown against a brown wall. The emblem depicts a gold set of scales of justice and waves against a dark blue background.

What to Watch for Following Historic Climate Opinion from ‘The Oceans Court’

The Tribunal issued the first-ever opinion by an international court articulating States’ obligations with respect to climate change.
The episode title appears with sound waves behind it.

The Just Security Podcast: A Landmark Court Opinion on the Ocean and Climate Change

The ITLOS decision is a major victory for the Commission of Small Island States on Climate Change and International Law.
Sea Ice as seen from above off the northwest coast of Greenland.

Q&A: ‘The Oceans Court’ Issues Landmark Advisory Opinion on Climate Change

ITLOS determined that UNCLOS requires parties to take specific, concrete steps to prevent, reduce, and control greenhouse gas emissions.
Protesters stand in from of the European Court of Human Rights holding colorful signs that read "Climate Justice" and "To Our Leaders: We Won't Forget and We Won't Give Up!"

Strasbourg’s “Case of the Century” – Revolutionary Climate Judgment from the European Court of Human Rights

In yesterday’s landmark judgment, the Court set out extensive findings on the admissibility, merits, and reparations aspects of the case.
Gaston Browne (L-R), Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda, Arnold Loughman, Attorney General of Vanuatu, and Kausea Natano, Prime Minister of Tuvalu, arrive for a tribunal hearing related to climate change

The ‘Year of Climate’ in International Courts

A backgrounder on how climate cases came before four international courts, with a summary of issues each court has been asked to address, offers a one-stop resource to refer to…
A bed of green seagrass is seen against the backdrop of blue ocean water.

The U.S. National Ocean Climate Action Plan Must Prioritize Local Stakeholders and Ecosystem Protection

The U.S. can bolster ocean action in a manner that centers on justice for the communities that are most impacted by climate change.
A young climate activist wears a mask as she with others take part in a demonstration.

Watch This Space: Momentum Toward an International Crime of Ecocide

"[T]he proposal to criminalize mass damage to the environment is ... likely to influence the behavior of government and corporate decision-makers in positive ways. In light of…
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