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155 Articles

Himalayan Water Disputes Awaken the Tensions and Promises of the UN Watercourses Convention

States should promote water security and minimize geopolitical risk by reading the UN Watercourses Convention as a baseline for all nations to follow.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) members arrive to issue first Advisory Opinion (AO) on States' legal obligations to address climate change, in The Hague on July 23, 2025. The top UN court on July 23, 2025 described climate change as an "urgent and existential threat", as it handed down a landmark ruling on the legal obligations of countries to prevent it. (Photo by JOHN THYS/AFP via Getty Images)

Climate-Vulnerable States Vindicated in the Hague: A First Look at the International Court of Justice’s Climate Advisory Opinion

With this unanimous opinion, the ICJ has taken a clear stand in favor of a coherent and equitable international legal response to climate change.
Fog over Santiago, Chile (via Getty Images)

Inter-American Court of Human Rights Delivers Landmark Opinion on Climate Emergency

The advisory opinion provides a blueprint for policymakers and advocates seeking to drive forward climate action in the Americas.
IMAGES (left to right): Natural disaster and its consequences (via Getty Images); In this picture taken on September 28, 2022, an internally displaced flood-affected family sits outside their tent at a makeshift tent camp in Jamshoro district of Sindh province (Photo by Rizwan Tabassum/AFP via Getty Images; Trees smolder and burn during the Dixie fire near Greenville, California on August 3, 2021. – Numerous fires are raging through the state’s northern forests, as climate change makes wildfire season longer, hotter and more devastating. (Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)

Just Security’s Climate Archive

A catalog of articles analyzing the diplomatic, political, legal, security, and humanitarian consequences of the international climate crisis.
A man walks past an infrastructure project underway for COP30 in Belem, Para state, Brazil

COP 30 Must Not Cop Out

Brazil, the Parties, and other stakeholders should ensure the issue of "nationally determined contribution" emission targets lie at the heart of COP 30.
A worker sorts recyclable plastic waste at a warehouse in Jalandhar on June 4, 2025, on the eve of World Environment Day. (Photo by SHAMMI MEHRA/AFP via Getty Images)

Getting to Yes on the Plastics Agreement: Time for More Plasticity?

A thorough survey of tools that can be used to bridge divides in negotiations on a treaty to end plastic pollution.
An image of an orange/yellow sun

Why a Global “Moratorium” on Solar Radiation Management Deployment Should Get a Chilly Reception

A bottom-up norm-setting approach would rectify the concerns of agreeing to a global moratorium on solar radiation management deployment.
Hand arranged wooden cube blocks with leaves. Climate-change related green icons. (Getty Images)

Don’t Succumb to Climate Fatalism

Climate policy is taking a hit, but succumbing to this backsliding is not the answer. Instead, there are real security, economic, and political benefits to hitting back.
Women walk along a dyke protecting Internally Displaced Persons

A Matter Of Global Security: Why Action on Climate Displacement Cannot Wait

It is time to build a more resilient, sustainable future — one that anticipates and mitigates the climate drivers of displacement and accommodates the movement of displaced people…
Image of a tree rings with associated dates

Pax Americana: How Not to Hide an Empire

The international order worth fighting for is a radically different world altogether.
Alternating American flags and United Nations flags, set around a pole, wave in the wind.

“The Trump Administration’s Attacks on International Law and Institutions”: Public Statement of American Human Rights Experts, Current and Former Members of UN Bodies

Since the 20th of January, we have watched with increasing alarm as the administration of U.S. President Donald J. Trump has sought to repudiate the commitments of the United States…
A ship carrying liquefied natural gas (LNG)

Restarting US LNG Permitting Brings Geopolitical Benefits and the Potential for Climate Progress

The end of the US LNG permitting pause provides an opportunity to accelerate promising trends in geopolitics, energy security, and environmental progress.
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