Armed Conflict
Use of Force
822 Articles

Combatant Privilege vs. Criminal Responsibility for Organized Armed Groups
Editor’s Note: This article is part of the Armed Groups and International Law Symposium, building on the volume edited by Katharine Fortin and Ezequiel Heffes. During international…

Violence as Redress: A Right to Rebellion for Armed Groups under International Law?
A right to rebellion offers a way to recognize grievances and deescalate the violence of armed groups, and affirms the place of international law in holding States to account for…

Key Takeaways from Biden Administration Report on Israeli Use of US Weapons
On Friday, May 10, the Biden administration released its overdue first report required by National Security Memorandum 20 (NSM-20) assessing the conduct of Israel and other foreign…

State Department Submits Key Report to Congress on Israel’s Use of US Weapons
The State Department submitted its NSM-20 report on Israeli assurances that use of U.S. weapons will follow international law.

Amid Russia’s Aggression Towards Ukraine, Can Religious Freedom Endure?
Current shifts in Ukraine due to the war should not impede the realization of citizens' personal rights, irrespective of religious beliefs.

Armed Groups and International Law: Introduction to the Symposium
An exploration of armed groups and international law outside of conflict; the criminal liability of armed groups and their members; rebel governance; and the role of armed groups…

Where do States Stand on Official Immunity Under International Law?
There is now a clear majority of support for draft Article 7, at least to the extent that it provides for the inapplicability of functional immunity to the crimes of genocide,…

Q&A with Eliav Lieblich on Iran-Israel Hostilities
Expert insight on the legality of recent attacks by Iran and Israel, how domestic politics could impact an Israeli response, and prospects for de-escalation.

Symposium: International Law in Ukraine – The View from Lviv
Just Security is pleased to host a Symposium, "International Law in the Face of Russia’s Aggression in Ukraine: The View from Lviv."

Planning for Ukrainian Reintegration
Reconstructing Ukraine after the war will require careful attention to matters of transitional justice and economic reintegration.

Prosecuting the Crime of Aggression in Ukraine and Beyond: Seizing Opportunities, Confronting Challenges and Avoiding False Dilemmas
Accountability efforts for Russian aggression against Ukraine should be analyzed in light of these two States' complex history.

“Famine is Setting in”: The International Court of Justice Returns to Gaza
The Court ordered Israel to ensure the unhindered provision of humanitarian assistance, in full cooperation with the United Nations, including by opening new land crossing points.