self-defense
50 Articles

The Problem of Proportionality: A Response to Adil Haque
Whether the magnitude of State responses to terror is ethical and wise goes beyond determinations of legal compliance.

Enough: Self-Defense and Proportionality in the Israel-Hamas Conflict
The right of self-defense does not permit a disproportionate loss of civilian life, writes Professor Adil Haque in this essay on what U.N. Member States can say.

How the Arms Trade Treaty CSP9 Risks Repeating Past Mistakes
The 9th Conference of State Parties to the Arms Trade Treaty could set back the responsible business conduct movement by over a decade.

Bad for the Goose, Bad for the Gander: Drone Attacks in Russia Underscore Broader Risks
Recent drone attacks in Russia highlight legal and policy risks that must be weighed carefully.

Expert Q&A on What International Law Has to Say About Assistance to Russia’s War Against Ukraine
What international law has to say about other States’ assistance to Russia’s war efforts

Can Aid or Assistance Be a Use of Force?: Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference
Some States are likely engaging in force by virtue of the quantity and quality of the support they are providing to Ukraine. Those activities are lawful as actions taken in the…

Bombing for Peace in Somalia? Time for a Different Approach
The path to peace in Somalia cannot rest on counterterrorism operations alone.

Tit-for-Tat Hostilities In Syria: War Powers and International Law Implications
The Biden administration's latest war powers report to Congress and letter to the UN Security Council raise questions about the domestic and international legal basis for hostilities…

The Definition of Aggression and Self-Defense
Exactly forty-six years ago, on December 14, 1974, the United Nations General Assembly adopted, by consensus, the Definition of Aggression, “the most serious and dangerous form…

The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict and the Exercise of “Self-Defense” to Recover Occupied Land
The fighting raised a fundamental but surprisingly overlooked question of international law on the use of force.

Toward a New Approach to National and Human Security: End Unlawful, Secret, and Unaccountable Use of Lethal Force
A core component of post-9/11 counterterrorism policy has been the use of secretive and unaccountable killings of terrorism suspects. The killings must stop. Here's how the president…

The UN Charter’s Original Effect on State Sovereignty and the Use of Force
In 1945, not all states were UN members and not all territories were states: Dehn explains how use of force and self-defense rights under the Charter reflect these different statuses…