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The Problem of Proportionality: A Response to Adil Haque

Whether the magnitude of State responses to terror is ethical and wise goes beyond determinations of legal compliance.
Members of the United Nations Security Council listen to Palestinian Permanent Observer Riyad H. Mansour speak.

Enough: Self-Defense and Proportionality in the Israel-Hamas Conflict

The right of self-defense does not permit a disproportionate loss of civilian life, writes Professor Adil Haque in this essay on what U.N. Member States can say.
Missiles against a background of a sunset sky

How the Arms Trade Treaty CSP9 Risks Repeating Past Mistakes

The 9th Conference of State Parties to the Arms Trade Treaty could set back the responsible business conduct movement by over a decade.
A "No Drone Zone" sign sits in the Zaryadye park, a short distance from the Kremlin, as it prohibits unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) flying over the area, in central Moscow on March 15, 2023. (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

Bad for the Goose, Bad for the Gander: Drone Attacks in Russia Underscore Broader Risks

Recent drone attacks in Russia highlight legal and policy risks that must be weighed carefully.
Ukrainian and Russian flags.

Expert Q&A on What International Law Has to Say About Assistance to Russia’s War Against Ukraine

What international law has to say about other States’ assistance to Russia’s war efforts
Ukrainian recruits and their British Armed Forces trainers pose for a photograph on Driver Tank Trainer (DTT) armoured vehicles

Can Aid or Assistance Be a Use of Force?: Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference

Some States are likely engaging in force by virtue of the quantity and quality of the support they are providing to Ukraine. Those activities are lawful as actions taken in the…
Rubble lies on the floor near the site of a recent Al Shabab attack on the Hayat Hotel, seen through the window of an armoured car on September 4, 2022 in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Bombing for Peace in Somalia? Time for a Different Approach

The path to peace in Somalia cannot rest on counterterrorism operations alone.
A line of US soldiers walk in the countryside of the town of al-Malikiya in Syria.

Tit-for-Tat Hostilities In Syria: War Powers and International Law Implications

The Biden administration's latest war powers report to Congress and letter to the UN Security Council raise questions about the domestic and international legal basis for hostilities…
World flags in front of the United Nations building

The Definition of Aggression and Self-Defense

Exactly forty-six years ago, on December 14, 1974, the United Nations General Assembly adopted, by consensus, the Definition of Aggression, “the most serious and dangerous form…
A picture taken on October 16, 2020 shows a destroyed tank in the city of Jabrayil, where Azeri forces regained control during the fighting over the breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh.

The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict and the Exercise of “Self-Defense” to Recover Occupied Land

The fighting raised a fundamental but surprisingly overlooked question of international law on the use of force.

Toward a New Approach to National and Human Security: End Unlawful, Secret, and Unaccountable Use of Lethal Force

A core component of post-9/11 counterterrorism policy has been the use of secretive and unaccountable killings of terrorism suspects. The killings must stop. Here's how the president…
Venezuelan Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jorge Alberto Arreaza holds the Charter of the United Nations during a press conference at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in Caracas, on January 28, 2019.

The UN Charter’s Original Effect on State Sovereignty and the Use of Force

In 1945, not all states were UN members and not all territories were states: Dehn explains how use of force and self-defense rights under the Charter reflect these different statuses…
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