Racial Justice

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Trump walks with US Attorney General William Barr (L), US Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper (C), Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Mark A. Milley (R), and others from the White House to St. John's Church where tear gas was used to clear the crowd on June 1, 2020 in Washington DC. Only one person in the background has a face mask. No one is social distanced.

The Untold Power of Bill Barr to Direct US Military Forces in Case of “Civil Unrest”

Whether deployed against protests for racial justice or deployed to interfere with free and fair elections in November, the US military operations would be led by Bill Barr, not…
Police advance on demonstrators who are protesting the killing of George Floyd on May 30, 2020 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. They are dressed in riot gear and carry very large batons. A large cloud of tear gas can be seen behind the police.

New Complicity Charges Filed in the Killing of George Floyd

UPDATED As millions of people take to the streets demanding racial justice, accountability for police violence, and the demilitarization of the police, the case against the ex-police…
Side by side images of protests in Hong Kong and in New York City both on June 4th 2020. Protesters in both images wear face masks. In the Hong Kong demonstration, one person holds a sign reading (translated), “Five demands, not one less.” In the BLM protest in NYC, a sign has “NYPD” with a red circle and cancel line through it. It is night in Hong Kong and day in NYC.

Standing, Not-Standing with the Protesters: U.S. Policy on Hong Kong and BLM

... the PRC’s own hypocrisy is no reason to abandon Hong Kong. But if the U.S. government seeks to play a constructive role, it needs to check off certain items. First and foremost,…
A Black Lives Matter protest on June 4, 2020 in New York City. Demonstrators hold signs, one is a large picture of George Floyd, who was killed by police on May 25th. Other signs read, “Black Lives Matter,” “Color is not a crime,” “Brionna Taylor Say Her Name,” White Silence Equals Violence,” and “Stop Police Brutality.” Demonstrators wear face masks due to the coronavirus.

The United States’ Racial Justice Problem Is Also an International Human Rights Law Problem

An essay by United Nations Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Professor E. Tendayi Achiume.
UNIFIL soldiers stand in a field with a UN flag as they watch an Israeli army complete routine maneuvers (Israeli army not shown).

National Security at the United Nations This Week (May 29-June 5)

(Editor’s Note: This is the latest in Just Security’s weekly series keeping readers up to date on developments at the United Nations at the intersection of national security,…
Police officers wearing riot gear shoot tear gas at demonstrators at St. John's Episcopal Church outside of the White House, June 1, 2020 in Washington D.C.

If We Could See Ourselves from the Outside

Can a change of perspective dislodge the assumed inevitability of an enduring democracy?
Police in riot gear but without face masks form a line blocking protesters who wear face masks in Washington, D.C. on June 3, 2020..

The U.S. Constitution and Limits on Detention and Use of Force in Handling Civil Unrest

Under what circumstances may the government use lethal and non- or lesser-lethal force in the face of unlawful protests, riots, and looting?
A demonstrator walks in front of a row of military police members wearing riot gear as they push back demonstrators outside of the White House, June 1, 2020 in Washington D.C.

The Military Justice Dimension: Constraints on Military Personnel in Handling Civil Unrest

Top Expert Backgrounder: How the code of military justice applies to National Guard and other military personnel responding to protests. What must they do if the president issues…
National Guard with riot gear stand between protestors and the White House during a demonstration over the death of George Floyd, who died in police custody, on June 2, 2020 in Washington, DC.

Invoking “Terrorism” Against Police Protestors

"The invocation of 'terrorism' to respond to Antifa—and those protesting police violence more generally—has real consequences even if it does not create new legal powers."
Members of the National Guard join police in holding a line on the fourth day of protests on May 29, 2020 in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

The President and the Domestic Deployment of the Military: Answers to Five Key Questions

Can President Trump use the military without governors' consent? What are the rules for the use of force?
Red and blue Lights of police car in night time.

White Supremacist Infiltration of US Police Forces: Fact-Checking National Security Advisor O’Brien

What the available research says about systemic discrimination in law enforcement as well as links to racist and white supremacist ideology.
A demonstrator confronts police as he protests the death of George Floyd, in Los Angeles, California on May 29, 2020.

Don’t Let Trump Say the “American Carnage” of 2020 is What He Claimed in 2016. It’s Not.

The violence we’re seeing right now is not the so-called “American carnage” President Trump described in 2016 as he simultaneously claimed only he could lead the country…
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