Cyber espionage
19 Articles

Austria’s Progressive Stance on Cyber Operations and International Law
Austria's position is likely to influence ongoing international efforts to establish norms and principles that govern State conduct in cyberspace, potentially leading to more robust…

Why We Need a National Data Protection Strategy
A national data protection strategy would better position the United States to follow through on the promise to protect personal data as a national security imperative.

Just Security Podcast: Spies, Balloons, and International Law
What does international law say about spying? To answer that question we have Asaf Lubin, an expert on international law and espionage.

SolarWinds: Accountability, Attribution, and Advancing the Ball
Assessing the United States' actions on SolarWinds and what it means for global responses to malicious cyber activities in future.

Limited Sanctions Will Not Deter Putin, But They Are a Fine Start
All this disclosure is arguably the best way for democracies to use true information to fight back against manipulative active measures

Germany’s Positions on International Law in Cyberspace Part I
Germany issues major statement on cyberspace and international law, analyzed here by leading expert Professor Michael Schmitt.

Protecting the Information Space in Times of Armed Conflict
What, if any, limits exist concerning digital information operations in armed conflict? Does the humanitarian legal framework adequately capture the protection needs that arise…

SolarWinds as a Constitutive Moment: A New Agenda for the International Law of Intelligence
The SolarWinds hack could trigger fundamental changes in legal thought and state practice. Asaf Lubin sets out what that agenda can and should look like.

Top Expert Backgrounder: Russia’s SolarWinds Operation and International Law
A legal analysis of whether the SolarWinds cyber hack violated international law, and the U.S. government's response options.

“Strategic Silence” and State-Sponsored Hacking: The US Gov’t and SolarWinds
The absence to date of executive branch attribution and condemnation of the SolarWinds intrusions may be strategic silence—a tactic employed in the immediate aftermath of past…

COVID-19 and International Law Series: Vaccine Theft, Disinformation, the Law Governing Cyber Operations
Ongoing cyberattacks on vaccine production and distribution systems, such as those discovered by IBM yesterday, may threaten efforts to fight COVID-19. But do they break international…

The Second Oxford Statement on International Law Protections of the Healthcare Sector During Covid-19: Safeguarding Vaccine Research
International lawyers who wish to append their name to the Statement should send an email to ...