Civilian Harm
239 Articles

The Limits of the Law of Armed Conflict: Individual Accountability Should Not Obscure State Responsibility for U.S. Strikes on Iran School
The law of armed conflict is not suited to provide the legal clarity the public desires immediately following attacks that kill civilians.

9/11 Then and Now: How It Shapes Us 25 Years On
We asked experts with deep personal and professional ties to the post-9/11 era: how did 9/11 shape your path, and how does it continue to shape us 25 years later?
The Just Security Podcast: 9/11 at 25 Years: The State of U.S. National Security, Intelligence, and Alliances Today
Ryan Goodman and Tess Bridgeman are joined by Daniel Fried and Nicholas Rasmussen to discuss the enduring impact of 9/11 on U.S. counterterrorism and foreign policy.

America’s War on Drug Smugglers at Sea Is Unlawful—and It Is Failing
U.S. strikes against suspected drug-trafficking vessels mark an unlawful expansion of military force into what has long been—and should remain—a law enforcement mission.
The Just Security Podcast: Murder on the High Seas Part VI
Tess Bridgeman and Rachel Goldbrenner are joined by Brian Finucane and Rebecca Ingber to discuss the latest U.S. strikes against suspected drug traffickers.

Domestic and Regional Pressures Strain Ethiopia’s Fragile Peace
Renewed clashes in Tigray and tensions between Ethiopia and other Horn of Africa nations threaten a regional security crisis.

“In Focus” Syllabus Supplements: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers, Operation Southern Spear, and Operation Absolute Resolve (2025–2026)
This syllabus supplement offers curated articles intended to be combined with traditional casebooks in a law school or other higher education classroom.

“In Focus” Syllabus Supplements: Artificial Intelligence, Emerging Technology, and National Security (2025–2026)
This syllabus supplement offers curated articles intended to be combined with traditional casebooks in a law or higher ed classroom.

When Civilian Infrastructure Becomes a Lawful Target
Civilian infrastructure is not targetable merely because it is economically significant or politically useful to strike, but only when it offers a definite military advantage.

Merchant Mariners: Unseen in Peacetime and Forgotten in Conflict
The U.S.-Israeli war with Iran illustrates how thousands of merchant mariners, so desperately needed globally, increasingly are trapped at sea during times of conflict.

How to Choose Which Military Members to Hold Accountable for Illegal Boat Strikes
A retired judge advocate explains how a future administration could decide who to prosecute for the illegal strikes on alleged drug-trafficking boats.

Civilian Protection in the Age of Military AI: What Congress’s New Legislative Proposals Reveal About Emerging Safeguards
Members of the Senate are taking steps to regulate and restrict how the Department of Defense develops and uses AI in its operations.