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What You Need to Know: International Humanitarian Law and Russia’s Termination of the Black Sea Grain Initiative

Following Russia's withdrawal from the Black Sea Grain Initiative, what does IHL have to say on food security, Russia's attacks on Ukrainian food export infrastructure, and the…
An MQ-9 Reaper remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) is prepared for training mission.

The Russian Intercept of the U.S. Reaper and International Law

The Russian operation almost certainly violated the international law obligation of due regard and, perhaps, the prohibition on using force. Nevertheless, the Biden administration…
An aerial view shows ships at the anchorage area of the Bosphorus southern entrance in Istanbul, on October 12, 2022. A grain deal between Russia and Ukraine established safe corridors along which Ukrainian ships can come in and out of three designated Black Sea ports in and around Odessa and through the Turkish Straits.  (Photo by YASIN AKGUL/AFP via Getty Images)

Assessing Military Operations in the Black Sea a Year Into Russia’s Full-Scale Invasion of Ukraine

Naval mining threats and the grain shipping deal demand more clarity from Turkey on its interpretation of the Montreux Convention.
The Liberia flagged bulk carrier Asl Tia en-route to China transits the Bosphorus carrying 39,000 metric tons of sunflower meal from Ukraine after being held at the entrance of the Bosphorus due to Russia pulling out of the Black Sea Grain agreement on November 02, 2022

Право міжнародних договорів у воєнний час: приклад Чорноморської зернової ініціативи

Ми показуємо, як право міжнародних договорів зіграло конструктивну фонову роль у стабілізації глобальних…
The Liberia flagged bulk carrier Asl Tia en-route to China transits the Bosphorus carrying 39,000 metric tons of sunflower meal from Ukraine after being held at the entrance of the Bosphorus due to Russia pulling out of the Black Sea Grain agreement on November 02, 2022

The Law of Treaties in Wartime: The Case of the Black Sea Grain Initiative

The law of treaties can play a constructive role in stabilizing global crises in the face of the most difficult of circumstances: an armed conflict raging between two of the treaty’s…
A brightly colored fish and diver amidst the spokes of a wheel at the bottom of the ocean; wheel covered with barnacle growth.

Weaponizing Underwater Archaeology in the Russia-Ukraine War – and Beyond

A growing trend of strategic underwater cultural heritage claims risks undermining international rules of maritime sovereignty.

The Russia-Ukraine Conflict, the Black Sea, and the Montreux Convention

What's the significance of Turkey calling the Russia-Ukraine conflict a "war"? The answer lies in a 1936 Convention governing the Turkish Straits.
Ships from countries participating in exercise Sea Breeze 2018 sail in formation during a photo exercise in the Black Sea, July 13.

Montreux Convention, at 85, Needs Tending for US-NATO-Russia Security and Stability

It would be self-defeating if allies where to push back on Russian challenges to the rules-based order by undermining a rare example of it.
The US Legend-class national security Coast Guard Cutter Hamilton wears a face mask in the port of Odessa on the Black Sea after conducting joint exercises according to NATO standards with the Ukrainian Navy ship Starobelsk on May 11, 2021 in Odessa, Ukraine.

Neither NATO, Nor Nukes: The Answer to Ukraine’s Security is a Strategic Alliance with the United States

A US-Ukraine alliance wouldn't significantly alter the perceptions of Russian leaders. But it would greatly limit their room to escalate.
Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission and representatives of the Three Seas Initiative (3SI or TSI) takes part in a TSI Summit, on September 18, 2018 at the Cotroceni Palace, the Romanian Presidency headquarters in Bucharest. Delegates sit around a large round table, and press can be seen taking photos and video behind many of the delegates.

Safeguarding Democracy Among Eastern Europe’s Three Seas

With EU and US help, the Three Seas Initiative can resist Russia's and China's designs on the region by promoting transparency, prosperity, and development.
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