Bashar al-Assad

Transitional justice approaches in Syria must not isolate periods of oppression from the broader contexts that enabled them.

Syria’s first post-Assad trials spark hope and concern, as legal gaps and due process risks challenge efforts to deliver credible, inclusive justice for victims.

Syria’s economic future must be reshaped, including through accountability for corporations and businesspeople, and an economic system guided by the rule of law.

Syria’s transition does not occur in isolation, and its justice process will depend on how well domestic efforts connect with the global accountability landscape.

In designing an effective transitional justice framework in Syria, policymakers must employ careful sequencing, transparency, and broad participation in implementation.

Experts asses accountability, reconciliation, institutional reform, constitutionalism, and more in transitional Syria.

Where things stand along the path of Syria sanctions removal and what restrictions remain to inhibit burgeoning investment and development in post-Assad Syria.

Newly revealed records of European States' criminal indictments of Hitler should shape how courts and tribunals think of the international law on "head of state immunity" for international…

Assad’s frozen, sanctioned assets should be structured into reparation programs to help Syrian families afford rebuilding their lives.

It is a matter not only of justice, law, and human dignity, but also an obligation to relieve Syrians of this war legacy as they rebuild their society.

Western leaders and foreign affairs officials face an uncomfortable reality: they have absolutely no idea how to lift economic and financial sanctions once a war ends and elongated…

Research has consistently shown that while many Syrians have a long-term aspiration to return, persistent challenges have rendered their aspiration unachievable in the short-term.