Bashar al-Assad
48 Articles

Building Justice After Assad: Syria’s Accountability Dilemma and Pathways to Justice
Syria’s first post-Assad trials spark hope and concern, as legal gaps and due process risks challenge efforts to deliver credible, inclusive justice for victims.

Taking a Closer Look at Syria’s Economy: Accountability or Business as Usual for Assad’s Cronies?
Syria’s economic future must be reshaped, including through accountability for corporations and businesspeople, and an economic system guided by the rule of law.

Transitional Justice in Syria: Domestic-Led Accountability Efforts Cannot Function in Isolation
Syria’s transition does not occur in isolation, and its justice process will depend on how well domestic efforts connect with the global accountability landscape.

Transitional Justice in Post-Assad Syria: A Transformative Framework for Accountability and Reform
In designing an effective transitional justice framework in Syria, policymakers must employ careful sequencing, transparency, and broad participation in implementation.

Syria in Transition Series
Experts asses accountability, reconciliation, institutional reform, constitutionalism, and more in transitional Syria.

Caesar Act Repeal and the Syria Sanctions Removal Report Card
Where things stand along the path of Syria sanctions removal and what restrictions remain to inhibit burgeoning investment and development in post-Assad Syria.

The Lost Archive: France’s Highest Court Should Follow WWII-Era Rejection of Head of State Immunity
Newly revealed records of European States' criminal indictments of Hitler should shape how courts and tribunals think of the international law on "head of state immunity" for international…

Paying for Return: Why Assad’s Assets Must Fund Syrian Repatriation
Assad’s frozen, sanctioned assets should be structured into reparation programs to help Syrian families afford rebuilding their lives.

In a New Era for Syria, States Must Take Responsibility for Their Islamic State-Affiliated Prisoners and Families
It is a matter not only of justice, law, and human dignity, but also an obligation to relieve Syrians of this war legacy as they rebuild their society.

To Support Peace Efforts, the West Needs a Coordinated Way to Effectively Reduce Sanctions
Western leaders and foreign affairs officials face an uncomfortable reality: they have absolutely no idea how to lift economic and financial sanctions once a war ends and elongated…

Syria’s Uncertain Path: Challenges of Return, Stability and Trust
Research has consistently shown that while many Syrians have a long-term aspiration to return, persistent challenges have rendered their aspiration unachievable in the short-term.

Syria Needs the International Criminal Court
The Assad atrocities have long served as a painful example of the limits of international justice, but there is now a chance to change that.