International Law

Just Security offers expert analysis of international law and its role in addressing global challenges. Our coverage includes litigation in international and regional tribunals, the process of international law-making, analysis of compliance and accountability for international law violations–including international criminal justice, and challenges to the international legal order.

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A team member of MINUSMA stands across from a helicopter in Sobane Da, in the Mopti region in central Mali.

As UN Renews Peacekeeping in Mali, Civilian Protection Requires Ongoing Push for Air Assets

The mission is missing critical military helicopters it needs in several locations to carry out its recently expanded mandate.
Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs Rt. Hon. Lamberto Dini signs the Rome Statute at the Rome Conference in July 1998.

The ICC Wants Justice But Has No Mandate

The recent escalation in the ongoing conflict between the United States and the International Criminal Court (ICC) is as unfortunate as it is predictable, having come to a head…
Norway signs the United Nations Charter and other country representatives stand behind at the The San Francisco Conference, 25 April - 26 June 1945.

The United Nations Charter at 75: Between Force and Self-Defense — Part Two

A more complete view of the UN Charter explains why there are no unwritten exceptions to the prohibition of force.
Norway signs the United Nations Charter and other country representatives stand behind at the The San Francisco Conference, 25 April - 26 June 1945.

The United Nations Charter at 75: Between Force and Self-Defense — Part One

As we celebrate the Charter’s seventy-fifth birthday, a deep dive into its negotiating history shows that the right of self-defense under Article 51 is triggered by an act of…
Iraqi human rights activist Nadia Murad, co-recipient of the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize, listens during a press conference at the National Press Club October 8, 2018 in Washington, DC.

Draft “Murad Code” Aims to Improve Investigations of Sexual Violence in Conflict

The guidelines respond to troubling past practices that made investigations ineffective, re-traumatizing, unnecessarily duplicative, and a security risk.
Staff prepare an empty General Assembly hall for elections by secret ballot without a plenary meeting.

National Security at the United Nations This Week (June 12-19)

(Editor’s Note: This is the latest in Just Security’s weekly series keeping readers up to date on developments at the United Nations at the intersection of national security,…
Protesters march through the city during a protest in support of the Black Lives Matter movement on June 14, 2020 in Wellington, New Zealand. A protester holds a sign reading, "Indigenous People for Black Liberation #BLM"

How Inter-State Procedures in Human Rights Treaties Can Support the Black Lives Matter Movement

The initiation of inter-State conciliation proceedings alone, under either convention, could send a powerful and symbolic message about the need for reform. The Conventions provide…
Injured Iraqis classified as enemy prisoners of war walk into a medevac helicopter as they are transferred from the 28th Combat Support Hospital, about 25 kilometers south west of Baghdad, 15 July, 2003, to Camp Cropper, a prison camp at the Saddam International Airport in Baghdad.

New Developments in ICRC Commentaries to the POW Convention

On Tuesday, June 16 the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) launched its updated Commentary to the Geneva Convention III Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War…
US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo (R) holds a joint news conference on the International Criminal Court with US Attorney General William Barr, at the State Department in Washington, DC, on June 11, 2020.

Trump’s ICC EO Will Undercut All U.S. Sanctions Programs—Is That Why Treasury Isn’t Conspicuously on Board?

The risks posed by the new U.S. sanctions program aimed at the ICC extend beyond the Court, its employees, and its supporters.
a stack of coins

Dissecting the Executive Order on Int’l Criminal Court Sanctions: Scope, Effectiveness, and Tradeoffs

An expert breakdown of what's in President Trump's executive order, how it works exactly, and what comes next.
US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo (C) holds a joint news conference on the International Criminal Court with (L-R) US Attorney General William Barr, US Defense Secretary Mark Esper and National Security Advisor Robert O'Brien, at the State Department in Washington, DC, on June 11, 2020.

The Self-Defeating Executive Order Against the International Criminal Court

"I know because I used to make this theoretical international law argument...on behalf of the U.S. Government many years ago."
Protestors outside Downing street after they marched to raise awareness and rally against the crisis in Darfur on September 16, 2007 in London, England.

Ali Kushayb’s Arrest Highlights the Other Side of the U.S.–ICC Relationship

There has been a lot happening over the past couple of weeks, at home and abroad. So it would have been easy to miss the news that earlier this week, Ali Kushayb, a Sudanese war…
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