International Justice

Highlights:

A view of the Knesset, the Israeli Parliament, on October 24, 2023, in Jerusalem, Israel.

The New October 7 Tribunal and the Legitimacy Challenge of Atrocity Adjudication

The tribunal will be judged not only by the verdicts it produces, but by the institutional model of accountability it leaves behind.
Pigeons fly against a darkened, cloudy sky looming over a skyline of mid-rise buildings in the background and a destroyed concrete building in the foreground.

Ukraine and the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression: Redefining International Justice

The tribunal to prosecute Russia's crime of aggression seeks to close one of the most enduring gaps in international criminal law and strengthen the U.N. Charter.
Former head of political security in south Syria's Daraa province, Atif Najib (R) attends the first trial session at the Palace of Justice, in Damascus on April 26, 2026.

Syria’s Accountability Gap: The Najib Trial and the Case for the ICC

The first criminal trial against a senior Assad regime official comes at a time when Syria’s legal framework remains fragile.
Posters of missing people hang on a monument in the centre of Marjeh Square in Damascus on December 26, 2024. (Photo by SAMEER AL-DOUMY/AFP via Getty Images)

The Search for the Missing in Syria: Learning from the Past

The head of Syria's Independent Institution of Missing Persons (IIMP) offers analysis and recommendations for a meaningful justice process.
A wide view of the Security Council meeting on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question on May 21, 2026. (Via UN Photo) A wide view of the Security Council meeting on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question on May 21, 2026. (Via UN Photo)

Follow the Law, Not the Plan: Legal Considerations for Third States in Gaza

Third State’s support for Trump’s Gaza plan must remain strictly conditioned on compliance with international law and be continuously reassessed in light of evolving facts.…
Naija Raufi in a dark dress and a floral hijab stands at a balcony railing, overlooking the low- to medium-rise urban landscape of Athens, her back to the camera, alongside a young girl in a pink dress and pony tails in her dark hair.

I Was Afghanistan’s Attorney General. Here Is What Justice Looked Like — and What Destroyed It.

Afghanistan’s justice system took 20 years to build and 11 days to destroy. Former Attorney General Mohammad Farid Hamidi outlines the ongoing fight for accountability.
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1,074 Articles
Eight F/A-18E/F Super Hornets in the sky

International Accountability for U.S. Crimes in the Caribbean and Pacific

If no one acts, U.S. crimes in the Caribbean and Pacific will embolden other bad actors and encourage more violations of international law.
A congressional hearing room with multiple U.S. defense and military officials seated at a table beneath the U.S. Department of Defense seal and service emblems on the wall, with portraits, flags, and the nameplate “HON Hegseth” visible in the foreground.

The Armed Forces Need the Military Justice Review Panel

Rather than some new handcrafted DoD entity, it is crucial that the Military Justice Review Panel (MJRP) be restored as required under statute.
A F-16 jet fighter of Royal Dutch Air Force lands on the runway of Volkel air base, southern Netherlands, on January 2, 2019. - The Dutch Air Force took part in the Air Task Force Middle East mission to fight against ISIS in Iraq and Eastern Syria. (EMKO DE WAAL/AFP via Getty Images)

The Netherlands Sets New Path for Investigating Evidence of Civilian Harm in Modern Conflict

A Dutch probe into a 2016 Mosul airstrike exposes how outdated intelligence and weak assessments led to civilian deaths, offering key lessons for accountability.
Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky and European council secretary general Alain Berset (R) speak after the signing of an agreement for establishing a special tribunal to try top officials responsible for Russia's invasion of Ukraine at the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, eastern France, on June 25, 2025. (Photo by FREDERICK FLORIN/AFP via Getty Images)

In Absentia Trials and the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression Against Ukraine

When defendants can be informed of their trial and have a right to a retrial in person, in absentia trials can be legitimate and necessary for victims and society at large.
Former head of political security in south Syria's Daraa province, Atif Najib attends the first trial session at the Palace of Justice, in Damascus on April 26, 2026. Najib is the former head of political security in south Syria's Daraa province, the cradle of the country's 2011 uprising, and is accused of orchestrating a crackdown there. (Photo by Bakr ALkasem / AFP via Getty Images)

Building Justice After Assad: Syria’s Accountability Dilemma and Pathways to Justice

Syria’s first post-Assad trials spark hope and concern, as legal gaps and due process risks challenge efforts to deliver credible, inclusive justice for victims.
Illustration abstract of hands and arms breaking the chains. (via Getty Images)

Moving Beyond Recognition Toward Repair for Enslavement

International law needs to move beyond legal recognition of the wrongfulness of chattel enslavement and the trade in enslaved people, toward repair and remedy.
A silhouetted person stands inside a damaged building, looking out through a large broken opening at a high-rise building across the street.

The International Compensation Mechanism for Ukraine: Update on the Convention Establishing an International Claims Commission and the Register of Damage for Ukraine

Together, they signal a shift from largely symbolic institution-building to a functional system capable of handling the full scope and scale of Ukraine’s reparations claims.
People walk underneath an advertising billboard of Syria's largest mobile operator Syriatel, owned by businessman Rami Makhlouf, in the Syrian capital Damascus on May 11, 2020. (Photo by STR/AFP via Getty Images)

Taking a Closer Look at Syria’s Economy: Accountability or Business as Usual for Assad’s Cronies?

Syria’s economic future must be reshaped, including through accountability for corporations and businesspeople, and an economic system guided by the rule of law.
Collage of photos, including a young boy, war-torn buildings, people walking, and a hand.

Protecting Civilians in Good Faith: A Joint Symposium on the Updated ICRC Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention

Expert authors examine key interpretive issues and selected topics in the updated Commentary on the Fourth Geneva Convention​ on protection of civilians during civil war.
Women, men, and children, some dressed in colorful traditional Ukrainian embroidered shirts, some draped in or flying blue and yellow Ukrainian flags and one draped in an Australian flag, hold stuffed animals as they stand next to each other facing the camera, against a backdrop with a big, leafy tree in the back left and a cityscape of mid-rise buildings in the background.

Ukrainian Children Under Russian Control: Why Tracing, Return, Reintegration, and Justice Must Be Addressed Together

Return alone cannot be the only framework through which the international community and Ukrainian authorities address the issue of Ukrainian children under Russian control.
A collage of images featuring scenes from the Russia - Ukraine War.

Just Security’s Russia–Ukraine War Archive

A catalog of over 100 articles (many with Ukrainian translations) on the Russia Ukraine War -- law, diplomacy, policy options, and more.
A sign that reads "Protection Desk" stands in front of a low, makeshift shelter of what looks like carpets or brightly colored red fabric suspended over mostly woman and children sitting on the ground or on small ground covers under the shelter. A few buckets and bags sit on the ground around the sign. In the background is a big blue metal corrugated building and further behind to the left is a large soiled white tent. At the right of the image is a tall, white wall extending on the side of the compound.

Fleeing Sudan’s War: Refugees Detail Three Years of Trauma

Three years into Sudan’s war, famine spreads, cities fall under siege, and millions flee. Refugees recount a litany of losses, with no end in sight.
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