Intelligence & Surveillance

Just Security’s expert authors provide legal and policy analysis of intelligence and surveillance activities, focusing on their impact on national security and on civil liberties and privacy rights, and their oversight by Congress and the courts.

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1,837 Articles

Reimagining Human Intelligence – The Case for a Sunlight Strategy

The current focus of U.S. HUMINT operations is too narrowly defined.

The Méndez Principles: Beware Crossing the Line to Psychological Torture

As the UN marks the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, a reminder of the many forms of such abuse that are prohibited.
A pillar of smoke rises among destroyed buildings after a US-led airstrike in Mosul. July 9, 2017

Toward a True Account of Collateral Damage in U.S. Military Operations

The Pentagon reports annually on how many civilians were killed in U.S. operations, but silent on damage to civilian homes, markets and other civilian infrastructure vital to human…
The Courtroom of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg with empty chairs. A banner at the front reads, “European Court of Human Rights” and the carpet in front of the bench shows the circle of stars against blue such as is on the European Union flag.

The Méndez Principles: A Focus on the Exclusionary Rule

To eliminate interrogation abuses, consistently bar all information gained via torture or cruel, inhumane and degrading treatment.
A person types on a laptop. Translucent icons litter the image to represent cybersecurity.

Protect Communications Privacy for All of Us—Not Just Lawmakers and Reporters

It’s Time for Congress to Finish What It Started After the Snowden Revelations.
A dark room with a table, chairs, and a camera on a tripod. A briefcase and photographs are spread out on the table.

The Méndez Principles: Sharpening the View on Interrogation and Utilitarianism

Philosopher-jurist Jeremy Bentham's “ticking bomb scenario,” often cited to justify torture, has spawned wild misconceptions.
The dome of the US Capitol Building against a blue sky.

The Internet of Things Moment: My Testimony Before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee

I was asked to testify at a Senate hearing about home technologies and antitrust. The growth of the consumer-facing “Internet of Things” continues, and it has complicated,…
Marines grab a blindfolded Japanese prisoner of war while disembarking from a submarine returned from war patrol.

The Méndez Principles: Building Rapport and Trust in Interrogations to Elicit Reliable Information

The demonstrated effectiveness of evidence-based methods strengthens the argument against torture and ill-treatment.
Lt. Gen. John Kimmons, U.S. Army, holds up a copy of the Army Field Manual, FM 2-22.3, Human Intelligence Collector Operations as he briefs reporters on the details of the manual in the Pentagon on Sept. 6, 2006.

The Méndez Principles: The Need to Update the Army Field Manual on Interrogation for the 21st Century

Defense Secretary Austin should convene an expert panel to ensure that methods used are informed by current science.
Superintendent Paul Basham, Dr Richard Stephenson, and Jane Andrews speak to the media at the Dunedin Central Police Station on May 11, 2021 in Dunedin, New Zealand.

The Méndez Principles: Emergence and Global Expansion of Non-Coercive Interviewing

Three national jurisdictions that have introduced legal and effective techniques demonstrate that change is possible and is already underway.
A guard tower is seen outside the fencing of Camp 5 at the US Military's Prison in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba on January 26, 2017.

The Méndez Principles: Science Shows Interrogation is Too Serious for Amateurs

Probing memory requires delicacy and care, because the method can change what the subject recalls -- and they wouldn't even be aware of it.
An image of the globe with a light grid laid on top of it connecting people and countries.

Oxford Statement on International Law Protections in Cyberspace: The Regulation of Information Operations and Activities

The Internet has allowed the dissemination of content across the globe in a matter of seconds. Recommendation algorithms, found in social media platforms and search engines, have…
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