Diplomacy

Just Security’s expert authors offer analysis of diplomacy and its role in addressing global challenges, from armed conflicts to international crises and more. Our coverage includes U.S. foreign policy, international organizations, and multilateral diplomacy related to critical global issues.

Highlights:

US Ambassador to the UN Dorothy Camille Shea (R) speaks during a Security Council Meeting as Iranian UN Ambassador Amir Saeid Iravani (L) looks on.

U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Nominee Waltz Faces Senate Vote as the Global Body Reels

If confirmed, Michael Waltz will send crucial signals about the Trump administration's plans, beyond big budget cuts, for the world body.
People lay flowers and set candles to memorial

Trump Administration’s Proposed Cuts to Accountability for Mass Atrocities Undermine Its Own Strategic Goals

International accountability efforts are not a misguided moral crusade – they are a core instrument of U.S. national power.
The facade of the ICC building.

Rethinking ICC Reform: Politics, Legitimacy, and the Perils of Expansion Without Consolidation

States should use the Special Session to reinforce the ICC’s foundations and ensure it can credibly discharge its existing mandate.
A man walks past an infrastructure project underway for COP30 in Belem, Para state, Brazil

COP 30 Must Not Cop Out

Brazil, the Parties, and other stakeholders should ensure the issue of "nationally determined contribution" emission targets lie at the heart of COP 30.
In this picture taken on March 5, 2025, Afghan niqab-clad women walk along a street on the outskirts of Kabul. Since the Taliban came back to power in Kabul in August 2021, they have imposed broad restrictions on women based on a strict interpretation of Islamic law. Women have been squeezed out of public life in what the United Nations has labelled "gender apartheid." (Photo by WAKIL KOHSAR/AFP via Getty Images)

Gender Apartheid Should Be an International Crime

All States should ensure the inclusion of gender apartheid in international law, including in the draft crimes against humanity treaty.
Exterior view of The United States Court of International Trade in lower Manhattan on May 29, 2025 in New York City. In a ruling that surprised many, the Manhattan-based trade court ruled in an opinion by a three-judge panel that a 1977 law called the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) does not grant Trump "unbounded" authority to impose the worldwide and retaliatory tariffs he has issued by executive order recently. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)

Court of International Trade’s Flawed Ruling in Striking Down Trump’s Tariffs

On May 28, the U.S. Court of International Trade ruled Trump's tariffs exceed IEEPA's scope; the court's analysis is weak. These cases show limits of constitutional avoidance.
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2,761 Articles
Gavel and scales with a US flag in the background as symbols of a jurisdiction.

Litigation Tracker: Legal Challenges to Trump Administration Actions

A public resource tracking all the legal challenges to the Trump administration's executive orders and actions.
Binders of executive orders stacked on a desk.

Collection: Just Security’s Coverage of Trump Administration Executive Actions

Coverage of key developments, including in concise “What Just Happened” expert explainers, legal and policy analysis, and more. Check back frequently for updates.
A woman poses for pictures next to the HQ-9B surface-to-air missile system (L) and the HQ-19 surface-to-air missile system during the 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition in Zhuhai, in southern China's Guangdong province on November 15, 2024. (Photo by HECTOR RETAMAL/AFP via Getty Images)

The Future of Arms Control: Time for a New Strategic Framework

Arms control must evolve from a legacy tool of superpower rivalry to a modern instrument of strategic risk management. That work must begin now.
IMAGES (left to right): People search through buildings, destroyed during Israeli air raids in the southern Gaza Strip on November 7, 2023 in Khan Yunis, Gaza (Photo by Ahmad Hasaballah/Getty Images); A fireball erupts during Israeli bombardment of Gaza City on October 9, 2023 (Photo by Mahmud Hams/AFP via Getty Images); The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings on the request for the indication of provisional measures submitted by South Africa in the case South Africa v. Israel on 11 and 12 January 2024, at the Peace Palace in The Hague, the seat of the Court (Photo by the International Court of Justice).

Just Security’s Israel-Hamas War Archive

Just Security's collection of more than 110 articles covering the Israel-Hamas War and its diplomatic, legal, and humanitarian consequences.
The Just Security Podcast

The Just Security Podcast: Is There a Diplomatic Path for Iran’s Nuclear Program? An Interview with Richard Nephew

Just Security’s Tess Bridgeman is joined by Richard Nephew to discuss where things stand and what a path forward for Iran's nuclear program might look like.
U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Dorothy Camille Shea speaks during a Security Council Meeting on the Israel-Iran conflict at United Nations headquarters on June 24, 2025 in New York. (Photo by ANGELA WEISS/AFP via Getty Images)

Assessing the U.S. Article 51 Letter for the Attack on Iran: Legal Lipstick on the Use of Force Pig

Former State Department attorney analyzes U.S. letter to UN Security Council that presented legal arguments for U.S. strike on Iran's nuclear facilities.
Collage of the Israel-Iran conflict

Collection: Iran-Israel/United States Conflict

Experts analyze critical dimensions of Israel’s strikes relevant responses, covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and international law.
U.S. Navy officers stand guard aboard the Virginia-class fast-attack submarine USS Minnesota after the vessel docked at HMAS Stirling in Rockingham, Western Australia, on February 26, 2025, during a port visit. (Photo by COLIN MURTY/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

The Pentagon’s AUKUS Review is an Opportunity — If Done Right

The success of AUKUS is important for validating and refining a kind of joint defense model that the United States can use to forge more productive partnerships.
The Just Security Podcast

The Just Security Podcast: A Ukrainian MP Takes Stock of the NATO Summit and the Prospects for Peace

Ukrainian MP Oleksiy Goncharenko discusses the NATO Summit and the war with Washington Senior Editor Viola Gienger and guest host Lauren Van Metre.
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L), accompanied by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (R), speaks during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

President Trump’s Decision to Bomb Iran: From Bad to Worse

Whether newly announced ceasefire actually leads to end hostilities will not change the new reality: a comprehensive agreement is less likely now than before the bombing
US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth gestures while standing at a podium, delivering an address at the Shangri-La Dialogue Summit in Singapore on May 31, 2025. Behind him is a blue backdrop with logos and lettering reflecting the event. (Photo by MOHD RASFAN/AFP via Getty Images)

The Trump Administration’s Costly Sidelining of Human Rights in Foreign Policy

The Trump administration’s approach to human rights ignores the real-world downsides and missed opportunities of setting aside human rights as a U.S. foreign policy interest.
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine discusses the mission details of a strike on Iran during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. In the image he is showing the media a graphic that describes the timeline of the operation. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

The Day After U.S. Strikes on Iran’s Nuclear Program: A Policy and Legal Assessment

An expert policy and legal assessment of the U.S. strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities and what comes next.
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