Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,331 Articles
The building of the International Criminal Court in The Hague in 2019. (Photo by OSeveno via Wikimedia Commons under Creative Commons license)

US Cooperation with the ICC to Investigate and Prosecute Atrocities in Ukraine: Possibilities and Challenges

The start of a series examining the current legal regime, new legislation, points of consensus, and related Court doctrines and policies.
Ships in formation on the Baltic Sea.

The Newport Manual on the Law of Naval Warfare Facilitates Interoperability

The Newport Manual on the Law of Naval Warfare seeks to lay out the complex and at times overlapping legal frameworks around war at sea. Its aim is to prepare for and deter war…
The back of a UN soldier, wearing the signature blue helmet and with "UN" on the back of his uniform, is seen as demonstrators carry a poster against the peacekeeping mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO) at the UN facilities in Goma on July 25, 2022. Protesters stormed a UN base in the eastern Congolese city of Goma, demanding the departure of peacekeepers from the region, according to an AFP journalist. (Photo by MICHEL LUNANGA/AFP via Getty Images)

Disinformation in a Triple Threat: How Old and New Challenges Make Peacekeeping More Dangerous

As the largest financial contributor – and debtor – to UN peacekeeping, the US is uniquely positioned to reverse the trend.
Ruins of an apartment building hit by a missile

The Brussels Declaration: Russian International and Human Rights Lawyers’ Statement on Accountability

A statement by Russian lawyers, scholars and advocates. "They strongly hope that their unified voice will be heard."
Side view of the US Capitol Building, with a cloudy blue sky in the background

Recovering a Role for the Courts in Decisions to Wage War: How Congress Can Overcome the Political Question Doctrine (Some of the Time)

Congress should consider when and how the laws it enacts will be enforced and take steps to empower members of Congress to effectively challenge illegal wars in court.
A group of children walk in a refugee settlement

Normalization Pushes Millions of Syrians into Deeper Uncertainty

The push to normalize diplomatic relations with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad poses risks to millions of Syrians inside and outside of the country.
Man sitting on inflatable raft, viewed from behind, in flooded street between residential buildings.

Could the Nova Kakhovka Dam Destruction Become the ICC’s First Environmental Crimes Case?

The Nova Kakhovka Dam destruction, already labelled an act of “ecocide” by some, will undoubtedly reinforce calls for the ICC to focus more on environmental crimes and further…
A group of Sudanese men wait by a line of busses.

The Sudan Conflict is an Existential Crisis for Refugee Protection in Africa

The African Union and the United Nations refugee protection systems can take active steps to address the problem of displaced people in Sudan now.
A "No Drone Zone" sign sits in the Zaryadye park, a short distance from the Kremlin, as it prohibits unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) flying over the area, in central Moscow on March 15, 2023. (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

Bad for the Goose, Bad for the Gander: Drone Attacks in Russia Underscore Broader Risks

Recent drone attacks in Russia highlight legal and policy risks that must be weighed carefully.
Spacecraft Launch Into Space.

The Outer Space Treaty and Promoting Responsible Use of Space

States should continue to work on confidence building measures in outer space and should ban anti-satellite tests, which are harmful to humankind.
Smoke rises up from behind buildings in Khartoum, Sudan.

Two Experts Debate the Path Forward on Sudan

EJ Hogendoorn and John Prendergast are two leading experts on the conflict in Sudan, but they have different views on the way forward. The dialogue below highlights their ideas…
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky gives a speech at the World Forum in The Hague, on May 4, 2023, as part of his first visit in Netherlands. He stands in brown clothing behind a lectern and a wall that both display the words in yellow "No Peace without Justice for Ukraine" against a blue background.

The Lithuanian Case for an International Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression Against Ukraine

Lithuanian Vice-Minister of Justice writes about the U.S. approach to creating a tribunal compared to the model supported by Lithuania and others.
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