Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,547 Articles
Denmark's Veterans hold Denmark and Greenland's flags.

Greenland Post-Davos: Enforcing 22 USC 1928f to Save NATO and Contain Trump’s Lawless Foreign Policy

In his threats against Greenland, President Trump has violated the U.N. Charter, the North Atlantic Treaty, and Section 1928f, prompting Congress to take swift action.
Narges Mohammadi dressed in a white shirt and red skirt stands in a doorway, holding a walker.

Writers’ Voices Increasingly Missing in Iran Protests As Regime Targets Democracy Advocates

As Iranians protested for freedom, the regime intensified its assault on writers and dissenters, silencing key voices like Narges Mohammadi and Ali Asadollahi.
Close-up of a bronze Lady Justice statue holding balanced scales in front of a blurred modern office background, symbolizing fairness and the law.

International Human Rights and Criminal Courts and the End of War

The relationship between international courts and States shapes how they provide accountability, build peace, and respond to backlash.
two fishermen in the foreground, the USSS Gravely in the background, on the open sea.

Can the U.S. Government Be Sued for Wrongful Death in a Caribbean Boat Strike?

In Burnley v. United States, relatives sue on behalf of two Trinidadian men killed in a boat strike, confronting U.S. sovereign immunity and the political question doctrine.

The UN Cybercrime Convention – A Way to Bring Russia to (the International Court of) Justice?

The new U.N. Cybercrime Convention may create new avenues to hold Russia - and all states parties - accountable at the International Court of Justice.
The Marinera oil tanker is seen on January 14, 2026 in Hopeman, Scotland. The Marinera oil tanker, previously known as the Bella 1, has entered UK waters at the request of the US to be replenished with "essential supplies." The Russian-flagged tanker was seized by US forces on 7 January 2026, between Iceland and Scotland, for allegedly violating sanctions by transporting oil for Venezuela, Russia, and Iran. (Photo by Peter Summers/Getty Images)

The Law of Naval Warfare and the U.S. Capture of Neutral Merchant Vessels: The Case of the Marinera

In‑depth legal examination of the U.S. capture of the Russian‑flagged tanker Marinera and its implications under the law of naval warfare.
U.N. Security Council members seated in a circular chamber raise their hands to vote unanimously for Resolution 808 establishing a war crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, 22 February 1993.

Pursuing Truth, Not Peace: International Courts’ Limited Ability to Help End Wars

International courts rarely end wars, but when designed humbly, creatively, and fairly, they can help parties choose law over war—turning justice into a path toward peace.
IMAGES (left to right): Natural disaster and its consequences (via Getty Images); In this picture taken on September 28, 2022, an internally displaced flood-affected family sits outside their tent at a makeshift tent camp in Jamshoro district of Sindh province (Photo by Rizwan Tabassum/AFP via Getty Images; Trees smolder and burn during the Dixie fire near Greenville, California on August 3, 2021. – Numerous fires are raging through the state’s northern forests, as climate change makes wildfire season longer, hotter and more devastating. (Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)

Just Security’s Climate Archive

A catalog of articles analyzing the diplomatic, political, legal, security, and humanitarian consequences of the international climate crisis.
Members of Syrian security forces at the entrance of the al-Hol camp in the desert region of Hasakah province which holds around 24,000 people, including some 6,200 women and children from around 40 nationalities on January 21, 2026 in Al Hasakah, Syria. Syrian government forces have taken control over large swaths of northeast Syria amid clashes with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). In Al Hasakah governate, government forces have taken control of the infamous al-Hol (Al-Hawl) camp, previously controlled by the SDF, that houses families accused of having links to Islamic State fighters. (Photo by Abdulmonam Eassa/Getty Images)

We Told You So: Now What for Northeast Syria?

The chaos unfolding in the camps and prisons in NE Syria was predictable. The new Syrian government must expediently provide security and protection to the detainees.
General view taken at the start of the first hearing at the International Court of Justice in which Myanmar is accused of committing genocide against the country's Muslim minority, the Rohingya, in the Hague on January 12, 2026. The Gambia filed the genocide case in cooperation with the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in 2019. Myanmar's military deliberately targeted the Rohingya minority in a bid to destroy the community, Gambia's Justice Minister Dawda Jallow told the International Court of Justice Monday at the start of a genocide hearing. (Photo by Phil Nijhuis / ANP / AFP via Getty Images)

Proving Genocide: The Burden of Proof

The Gambia has not shifted the burden of proof in the Gambia v. Myanmar ICJ case; rather, Myanmar faces a tactical choice in its response.
A smartphone displays a post by U.S. President Donald Trump on the Truth Social platform showing a composite image featuring Trump alongside U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and U.S. Vice President J.D. Vance, with the U.S. flag and a sign reading Greenland, U.S. Territory Est. 2026, while a map of Greenland is visible in the background, on January 20, 2026 (Photo illustration by Cheng Xin/Getty Images)

The Insurmountable Legal Obstacles to U.S. Acquisition of Greenland

Any acquisition of Greenland by the United States–whether by force or through coerced agreement–would directly violate fundamental principles of international law.
Screenshot of the Hypothetical Legal Review of Use of the U.S. Military in Greenland (Just Security)

Hypothetical Legal Review of Use of the U.S. Military in Greenland

This hypothetical legal review imagines what a senior judge advocate’s legal analysis would be if ordered to plan a U.S. military operation in Greenland without Denmark's consent.
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