Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,251 Articles
Yemeni rescuers transport the bodies of victims pulled from the rubble of a building hit in US strikes in the northern province of Saada on April 28, 2025. Huthi media in Yemen said on April 28 that US strikes targeted a migrant detention centre in Saada, killing at least 68 people. (Photo by -/AFP via Getty Images)

In Preparing for Large-Scale Conflicts, States Neglect Lessons on Civilian Protection at Their Peril

A new assessment shows that, among the U.S., the U.K., and the Netherlands, none are prepared for the challenges of protecting civilians.
Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu gives a press conference at the Prime minister's office in Jerusalem on August 10, 2025. (Photo by ABIR SULTAN/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

עוד מאותו הדבר – אבל גרוע יותר: התכנית “החדשה” של נתניהו בעזה

התכנית נשענת על היגיון עקבי: להעמיק את השליטה הטריטוריאלית תוך הכחשת ההשלכות המשפטיות שהמשפט הבינלאומי…
Local residents carry their belongings out of a heavily damaged residential building following a Russian strike in the town of Bilozerske, Donetsk region on August 12, 2025, amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The advances come just days before U.S. President Donald Trump is due to meet his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin in Alaska for talks on the war, the first meeting between a sitting US and Russian leader since 2021. (Photo by GENYA SAVILOV/AFP via Getty Images)

In Trump’s Planned Meeting With Putin, Beware of Traps, Play the Right Cards

President Trump must avoid Putin’s traps, ramp up the pressure on Russia, and make clear that the United States will back Ukraine’s security.
Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu gives a press conference at the Prime minister's office in Jerusalem on August 10, 2025. (Photo by ABIR SULTAN/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

More of the Same, But Worse: Netanyahu’s “New” Plan in Gaza

The plan follows a consistent logic: it seeks to deepen territorial control of Gaza while denying the legal consequences that international law attaches to occupation.
Left Side: Rescuers from the Emergency Services of Ukraine extinguish a blaze in the aftermath of a Russian drone strike on a warehouse storing food products on August 9, 2025 in Sloviansk, Ukraine. (Photo by Pierre Crom/Getty Images) Right Side: An Israeli army infantry-fighting vehicle (IFV) leaves a cloud of dust as it moves at a position along Israel's southern border with the Gaza Strip on August 5, 2025. (Photo by JACK GUEZ/AFP via Getty Images)

From Ukraine to Gaza: IHL Compliance as a Tool for Preventing Moral Injury

Ukraine's voluntary IHL compliance report provides an opportunity to examine the concept of moral injury in armed conflict - Israel should follow Ukraine's lead.
An M23 soldier watches over a group of around one hundred Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), Wazalendo and Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) fighters as they disembark a truck at the Stade de l'Unité, during their presentation by Colonel Willy Ngoma in Goma on May 10, 2025. These fighters were previously neutralised by the AFC/M23 security services. (Photo by JOSPIN MWISHA/AFP via Getty Images)

Seven Pillars of Military Integration for the DRC-Rwanda Peace Accord

These pillars outline requirements to manage armed groups and integrate them into statutory military forces during a war-to-peace transition.
Palestinians walk carrying sacks of flour

لقد نفد الوقت: الجوع الجماعي في غزة والضرورة العالمية الملحّة

تتدهور ظروف معيشة الفلسطينيين في غزة، وقد بدأ تحذير الأمس الصادر عن التصنيف المرحلي المتكامل لمراحل…
Britain's Prime Minister Keir Starmer makes an address following an emergency cabinet meeting on Gaza at 10 Downing Street in London on July 29, 2025. (Photo by TOBY MELVILLE/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

Reactions to the British Debate About the Legality of Recognizing Palestinian Statehood

"At least as far as international law is concerned, the UK Government is free to make either choice."
The Just Security Podcast

The Just Security Podcast: Ukraine’s Resistance to Russia’s Invasion — The Other Mobilization

As millions of Ukrainians face the devastation of their communities, volunteers—especially women—have stepped up to support the nation’s survival. 
Palestinians walk carrying sacks of flour

הזמן אזל: הרעבה המונית בעזה וחובתו של העולם

הזמן אזל: הרעבה המונית בעזה וחובתו של העולם
A wounded resident of a damaged apartment building is treated by medics

Protecting Health Care in Conflict: Lessons from Ukraine for a Global Roadmap

The international community can learn from the Russia-Ukraine War to curb attacks against health care and ensure justice for victims.
cloud of smoke erupting following Israeli bombardment on a building

“Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics”: The Legality of Statistical Proportionality

Israel's practice of statistical proportionality should be considered to violate the legal duty to take feasible precautions in attacks.
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