Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,527 Articles

The Leadership Clause in the Crime of Aggression and Its Customary International Law Status

(Ця стаття також доступна українською мовою тут.) Recent events in Ukraine have rekindled the interest to prosecute state leaders for the…

Q&A: The ICJ’s Order on Provisional Measures in Ukraine v. Russian Federation

An expert explainer on the Mar. 16 provisional measures indicated by the ICJ in Ukraine's case against the Russian Federation.
Image: March 2, 2022. Representatives applaud as the United Nations General Assembly overwhelmingly adopt a resolution demanding that Russia immediately end its military operations in Ukraine. A total of 141 countries voted in favor of the resolution, which reaffirms Ukrainian sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. Photo credit: UN Photo/Loey Felipe

Агресія з боку постійних членів Ради Безпеки: час для передачі ситуацій до МКС Генеральною Асамблеєю

"На моє переконання, Генеральна Асамблея повинна мати повноваження передавати ситуації, пов’язані…
Image: March 2, 2022. Representatives applaud as the United Nations General Assembly overwhelmingly adopt a resolution demanding that Russia immediately end its military operations in Ukraine. A total of 141 countries voted in favor of the resolution, which reaffirms Ukrainian sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. Photo credit: UN Photo/Loey Felipe

Aggression by P5 Security Council Members: Time for ICC Referrals by the General Assembly

In the face of unchecked aggression, amendments to the Rome Statute could grant the General Assembly the power to refer cases to the ICC.

The Intersection of Accountability and Diplomacy in Addressing Russia’s War in Ukraine

"Diplomats would be wise to start thinking about whether and how justice and an eventual peace process can go together."
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American Fighters, Ukraine, and the Neutrality Act: The Law and the Urgent Need for Clarity

Americans contemplating joining the war in Ukraine could face criminal prosecution in U.S. courts under the Neutrality Act.

Model Indictment for Crime of Aggression Against Ukraine: Prosecutor v. President Vladimir Putin

The indictment represents the type of document international war crimes prosecutors or national prosecutors could file before an international or national court.

Supplying Arms to Ukraine is Not an Act of War

"The Russian legal argument, however, is based on laws of neutrality that no longer hold. The United States and other states supporting Ukraine should refuse to accept these outdated…
The empty courtroom of the U.S. Supreme Court is seen September 30, 2016. Curtains are parted to reveal chairs, pews, and the seats for the judges at the front of the room.

In US v. Husayn (Abu Zubaydah), the Supreme Court Calls Torture What It Is

"I do not read the recent decision ... as much of a victory for the government," writes Joseph Margulies. "In fact, I think it’s a loss for the Biden administration poorly disguised…

The Operational and Legal Risks of a No-Fly Zone Over Ukrainian Skies

It does not equate to a no-combat zone, and in Ukraine, it likely would mean confronting the Russian military head-on.
Russian President Vladimir Putin chairs a meeting with members of the Security Council in Moscow on February 21, 2022. Putin sits behind a white office desk in a vast cavernous room with his Council members seated far from him on the opposite side of the room.

Mechanisms for Criminal Prosecution of Russia’s Aggression Against Ukraine

A deep expert analysis: who can be held criminally responsible, which forums have jurisdiction, whether immunity poses an obstacle, and questions of selectivity and resources.…
Just Security

Commit Fully To Sanctions Now To Help Ukraine

Broader sanctions against Russia are needed to support Ukraine at this pivotal moment in the conflict.
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