Nuclear Escalation

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Collage of the Israel-Iran conflict

Collection: Israel-Iran Conflict

Experts analyze critical dimensions of Israel’s strikes relevant responses, covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and international law.
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L) and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (R) turn to watch a video of a bombing test

What Counts as a Win?: Battle Damage Assessments and Public Messaging

The White House's future BDA briefings on the Iran strikes will likely project certainty where analysis still urges caution.
An Iranian flag is draped from a building damaged during a recent attack by Israel in the Gisha neighborhood of Tehran, Iran, on June 25, 2025. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images)

Why War? Why Now? Assessing Iranian Intentions and Capabilities

Why did Israel, and then the United States, decide to attack Iran now, even as U.S.-Iranian negotiations sputtered along?
The U.S. Capitol building is seen at sunset on March 1, 2022 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Getty Images)

The Trump Administration’s Flawed War Powers Report on Iran and the Need for a Congressional Rebuttal

The White House’s legal justifications for attacking Iran are unconvincing and raise concerns about unauthorized use of force. Congress should push back.
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L), accompanied by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (R), speaks during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

President Trump’s Decision to Bomb Iran: From Bad to Worse

Whether newly announced ceasefire actually leads to end hostilities will not change the new reality: a comprehensive agreement is less likely now than before the bombing
plume of heavy smoke and fire rise from an oil refinery in southern Tehran

Israel and Iran: A War with No Off-Ramp

The constellation of forces in Israel, the United States, and beyond complicates efforts to find an off-ramp to the war.
Iranian protesters march in Tehran's Revolution Square

The Strategic Stakes after Israel’s Opening Strikes on Iran

Strategic implications of Israel’s strikes on Iran and key questions policymakers should ask to navigate what comes next.
Smoke rises from a location allegedly targeted in Israel's wave of strikes on Tehran, Iran, on early morning of June 13, 2025. (Photo by SAN/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images)

Israeli Strikes Risk Driving Iran Toward Nuclear Weapons

An assessment of the implications of Israel's strikes on Iran this morning for nuclear diplomacy and regional stability.
A black and white image of a press conference in the White House on July 01, 1968. President Lyndon B. Johnson stands at a podium to address members of the press. Leaders from various other countries are seated.

Trump’s Record, Rhetoric Suggest Second Term Could Prove Fatal to Nuclear Nonproliferation

US presidents of both parties have agreed for 60 years on the need to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. Trump has signaled he’s not so sure.
This picture shows a North Korean guard in a watchtower on the border in the North Korean village of Hyesan as seen from Changbai in China's northeast Jilin province. (Photo by Pedro PARDO / AFP) / To go with China-NKorea-politics, REPORTAGE (Photo by PEDRO PARDO/AFP via Getty Images)

The Growing Threat from North Korea

A decade after a major UN human rights report, abuses are escalating, and they are integrally connected to the country's nuclear program.
Nuclear submarine at sea at sunset.

Why Congress Shouldn’t Fund a New Sea-Launched Nuke

Reviving the nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile not only goes against sound military doctrine, it also undermines the basic national interests the US Navy has always protected.…
TEHRAN, IRAN - JULY 3: Reformist presidential candidate Masoud Pezeshkian (L) holds a final rally of the campaign July 3, 2024 in Tehran, Iran. Pezeskhian faces former secretary of the Supreme National Security Council Saeed Jalili in Iran's run-off presidential election July 5. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images)

Space May be Opening for Negotiations with Iran

As Iranian President Massoud Pezeshkian's officially assumes office tomorrow, there is a limited window of opportunity for renewed nuclear diplomacy.
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