Law of the Sea

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33 Articles
Accused Somali pirates board a police van at the Indian naval dockyard/

Where the Law Gets Thin: The Jurisdictional Gap Pirates Exploit

UNCLOS’s piracy provisions codified a model rooted in older piracy patterns that don’t match today’s near-shore threat. Today, piracy is a recurring, adaptive threat.
The Marinera oil tanker is seen on January 14, 2026 in Hopeman, Scotland. The Marinera oil tanker, previously known as the Bella 1, has entered UK waters at the request of the US to be replenished with "essential supplies." The Russian-flagged tanker was seized by US forces on 7 January 2026, between Iceland and Scotland, for allegedly violating sanctions by transporting oil for Venezuela, Russia, and Iran. (Photo by Peter Summers/Getty Images)

The Law of Naval Warfare and the U.S. Capture of Neutral Merchant Vessels: The Case of the Marinera

In‑depth legal examination of the U.S. capture of the Russian‑flagged tanker Marinera and its implications under the law of naval warfare.
The Marinera oil tanker is seen on January 14, 2026 in Hopeman, Scotland. The Marinera oil tanker, previously known as the Bella 1, has entered UK waters at the request of the US to be replenished with "essential supplies." The Russian-flagged tanker was seized by US forces on 7 January 2026, between Iceland and Scotland, for allegedly violating sanctions by transporting oil for Venezuela, Russia, and Iran. (Photo by Peter Summers/Getty Images)

A Law of the Sea Assessment of the U.S. boarding of the Bella 1 / Marinera

Based on the publicly available information to date, it is difficult to sustain the lawfulness of the U.S.-led and UK-supported seizure of the Marinera.

The Just Security Podcast: Can the U.S. Seize Russian Flagged Oil Tankers?

Tess Bridgeman speaks with Rob McLaughlin about the legality of the U.S. interception and seizure of two Russian-flagged oil tankers in international waters.
An oil tanker remains anchored at the dock during a walk around the outskirts of the 'El Palito' refinery on December 18, 2025 in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.

Maritime Law Enforcement on the High Seas: Authority, Jurisdiction, and the Seizure of The Skipper

An expert explainer on the U.S. boarding and seizure of the oil tanker, “The Skipper,” off the coast of Venezuela.
A statue of U.S. President Harry S. Truman stands in the Capitol Rotunda on September 29, 2022 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)

Crisis as Catalyst: Seabed Minerals and the (Un)Making of International Law

Will President Trump, as President Truman did during the WWII era, succeed in refashioning the law governing international seabed minerals?
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) members arrive to issue first Advisory Opinion (AO) on States' legal obligations to address climate change, in The Hague on July 23, 2025. The top UN court on July 23, 2025 described climate change as an "urgent and existential threat", as it handed down a landmark ruling on the legal obligations of countries to prevent it. (Photo by JOHN THYS/AFP via Getty Images)

Climate-Vulnerable States Vindicated in the Hague: A First Look at the International Court of Justice’s Climate Advisory Opinion

With this unanimous opinion, the ICJ has taken a clear stand in favor of a coherent and equitable international legal response to climate change.
Two large ships make their way through frozen ice on the Bering Strait.

Countering Russian Lawfare and Gray Zone Operations

Using international venues to confront Russian malign efforts is key to effectively calling out illegitimate and illegal Russian activities.
A group of representatives of small island nations stand, smiling for a group photo, in front of the International Court of Justice building.

An Interim Report on the ICJ’s Climate Advisory Opinion

The International Court of Justice's proceedings in a climate change advisory opinion case stand to issue important, authoritative guidance about the nature and interaction of…
The emblem of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea is shown against a brown wall. The emblem depicts a gold set of scales of justice and waves against a dark blue background.

What to Watch for Following Historic Climate Opinion from ‘The Oceans Court’

The Tribunal issued the first-ever opinion by an international court articulating States’ obligations with respect to climate change.
The episode title appears with sound waves behind it.

The Just Security Podcast: A Landmark Court Opinion on the Ocean and Climate Change

The ITLOS decision is a major victory for the Commission of Small Island States on Climate Change and International Law.
Sea Ice as seen from above off the northwest coast of Greenland.

Q&A: ‘The Oceans Court’ Issues Landmark Advisory Opinion on Climate Change

ITLOS determined that UNCLOS requires parties to take specific, concrete steps to prevent, reduce, and control greenhouse gas emissions.
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