Iran Nuclear Negotiations

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An Iranian flag is draped from a building damaged during a recent attack by Israel in the Gisha neighborhood of Tehran, Iran, on June 25, 2025. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images)

Why War? Why Now? Assessing Iranian Intentions and Capabilities

Why did Israel, and then the United States, decide to attack Iran now, even as U.S.-Iranian negotiations sputtered along?
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L), accompanied by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (R), speaks during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

President Trump’s Decision to Bomb Iran: From Bad to Worse

Whether newly announced ceasefire actually leads to end hostilities will not change the new reality: a comprehensive agreement is less likely now than before the bombing
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine discusses the mission details of a strike on Iran during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. In the image he is showing the media a graphic that describes the timeline of the operation. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

The Day After U.S. Strikes on Iran’s Nuclear Program: A Policy and Legal Assessment

An expert policy and legal assessment of the U.S. strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities and what comes next.
Members of the UN Security Council listen as Ambassador Danny Danon, Permanent Representative of Israel to the UN, speaks during an emergency meeting at the United Nations Headquarters on June 13, 2025 in New York City (Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images)

Indefensible: Israel’s Unlawful Attack on Iran

Part of our ongoing series on the Israel-Iran war.
Members of the UN Security Council hold an emergency meeting to discuss Israeli strikes on Iran. UN headquarters, June 13, 2025 (UN Photo/Loey Felipe)

A New War or a New Stage in an Ongoing War – Observations on June 13 Israeli Attack against Iran

"Another legal framework – the ongoing armed conflict framework – is more factually and legally viable than the anticipatory or preventive self-defense frameworks."
People and first-responders gather outside a building that was hit by an Israeli strike in Tehran on June 13, 2025. Israel hit about 100 targets in Iran on June 13, including nuclear facilities and military command centres and killing senior figures including the armed forces chief and top nuclear scientists. (Photo by MEGHDAD MADADI/TASNIM NEWS/AFP via Getty Images)

The Israeli Strike on Iran the U.S. Saw Coming, but Couldn’t Stop

The Israel-Iran crisis will be a key test for how the Trump administration handles national security crises and its ability to respond.
This combination of pictures created on April 09, 2025 shows US Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff (L) and Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi (L)

Creating the Conditions for a Nuclear Deal with Iran

The Trump administration should focus on messaging pragmatic objectives for a deal and de-emphasizing U.S. efforts to exert “maximum pressure” on Iran while talks are ongoing.
Flags of the USA and Iran

U.S. Options for Iran Diplomacy in 2025

Trump faces a significant challenge in addressing Iran's nuclear program, but he also has an opportunity to reduce its proliferation risks.
A black and white image of a press conference in the White House on July 01, 1968. President Lyndon B. Johnson stands at a podium to address members of the press. Leaders from various other countries are seated.

Trump’s Record, Rhetoric Suggest Second Term Could Prove Fatal to Nuclear Nonproliferation

US presidents of both parties have agreed for 60 years on the need to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. Trump has signaled he’s not so sure.
TEHRAN, IRAN - JULY 3: Reformist presidential candidate Masoud Pezeshkian (L) holds a final rally of the campaign July 3, 2024 in Tehran, Iran. Pezeskhian faces former secretary of the Supreme National Security Council Saeed Jalili in Iran's run-off presidential election July 5. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images)

Space May be Opening for Negotiations with Iran

As Iranian President Massoud Pezeshkian's officially assumes office tomorrow, there is a limited window of opportunity for renewed nuclear diplomacy.
Iran flag on metal wall. Conflict of atomic technology

Enhancing Nuclear Transparency in Iran Could Help Prevent a Wider War

Pursuing transparency measures now in Iran would help prevent the country's nuclear program from triggering a wider war.
Graphic of three missiles on top of the Iranian flag.

An Opening to Deescalate the Iran Nuclear Crisis?

Iran’s recent willingness to work with the IAEA on transparency measures could be a step toward deescalating the nuclear crisis.
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