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SPLA Leader John Garang extends his hand in greeting into a crowd of Sudanese civilians.

Rebel Laws in Conflict: From Law-Taking to Law-Making and Law-Adapting

While legislating is traditionally seen as a role of the State, armed groups impose “rebel law” over ~64 million people in contested regions.
Electronic brain and Concept of artificial intelligence (AI)

The Machine Got it Wrong? Uncertainties, Assumptions, and Biases in Military AI

Unpacking a new ICRC report outlining key challenges with responsible use of AI in military decision-making.

Membership in a Non-State Armed Group in the DoD Law of War Manual

A critical assessment of the U.S. DoD Law of War Manual's approach to membership status in non-State armed groups.
A flooded area in front of a bridge. Vegetation sticks out of the water.

No Longer the Silent Victim: How Ukrainian Prosecutors Are Revitalizing Environmental War Crime Law

Prosecutions for environmental destruction have been notably absent from war crimes trials to date. In Ukraine, this is about to change.
Palestinians walk through debris amid massive destruction from Israeli airstrikes in Gaza City's al-Rimal district, on October 10, 2023. Israel kept up its deadly bombardment of Hamas-controlled Gaza on October 10 after the Palestinian militant group threatened to execute some of the around 150 hostages it abducted in a weekend assault if air strikes continue without warning.

Rare ICRC Public Statement Calls for “Pause” in Gaza Fighting

ICRC statement says "instructions issued by the Israeli authorities for the population of Gaza City to immediately leave their homes, coupled with the complete siege explicitly…
Ukrainian servicemen with a T64 tanks move towards Bakhmut direction.

Does Russia Exercise Overall Control over the Wagner Group? Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference

Use of the “overall control” test to attribute Wagner Group conduct to Russia is appealing, but considering the test’s application to other factual scenarios, there is some…

Armed Conflicts Spread Contaminated Water and Disease: Here’s How to Better Protect Civilians

Resolution 2573’s implementation will benefit from a better understanding of the links between damaged infrastructure and public health.
Costa Rican Ambassador to the UN Martiza Chan and Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs Christian Guillermet-Fernandez stand on stage with a black background holding copies of the Belén Communiqué.

Latin America and Caribbean Nations Rally Against Autonomous Weapons Systems

After a decade of debate, it is urgent for States to start drafting new legally binding rules to prevent the automation of killing.
Semiconductor and circuit board with data flowing.

Investigating (Mis)conduct in War is Already Difficult: Will the use of Military AI Make it Harder?

While AI could strengthen some aspects of wartime investigations, it also presents significant challenges around assessing collected evidence.
A multi-purpose weapon robot from US Darley Defense makes his way at the Eurosatory international land and airland defence and security trade fair, in Villepinte, a northern suburb of Paris, on June 13, 2022. (Photo by Emmanuel DUNAND / AFP) (Photo by EMMANUEL DUNAND/AFP via Getty Images)

Gendering the Legal Review of New Means and Methods of Warfare

Weapons' use and impact on civilians and combatants varies across genders - meaning States must undertake gender-sensitive reviews of new weapons.
People formerly detained in relation to the conflict in Yemen are transported back to their region of origin or to their home countries by the ICRC. Former detainees get off the plane chartered by the ICRC and reunite with family members.

Taking Action, Not Sides: The Benefits of Humanitarian Neutrality in War

"I argued that it was immoral to remain neutral when faced with genocide and war crimes. .... I was not right, as I realized a few years later while working for the ICRC."
Vessels transit in the Adriatic Sea.

Don’t Forget Your Friends: Risks and Opportunities in Security Partnerships

Any policy on civilian protection that lack a robust plan for working with partners would be incomplete. New frameworks, tools, and capabilities are needed to support partners…
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