Diplomacy

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The protester holding the flags stands alone in front of a wall of about 20 officers completely covered by riot shields, each holding two shields vertically.

After Another Sham Election in Georgia, the Country’s Citizens Persist

Georgians will fight for their democracy, as the ruling party now becomes one of the world's many paranoid, insecure dictatorships that know their days are numbered.
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

Trump Signals Instrumental Approach to U.N. – But it Could Be Worse

Trump's General Assembly speech could have been worse, but it also showed that if countries want to make the U.N. system work, they can't bank on U.S. leadership.
First Deputy Permanent Representative of Russia to the UN Dmitry Polyansky (R) speaks at a Security Council meeting on Ukraine at the United Nations in New York on September 23, 2025. (Photo by Kena Betancur / AFP) (Photo by KENA BETANCUR/AFP via Getty Images)

The United Nations in Hindsight: The Increasing Use of Article 51 of the UN Charter and the Security Council

Reports required under Article 51 are crucial for the UNSC to assess disputed self-defense claims and ensure accountability and maintain peace.
View of an oil terminal

The Imperative to Weaken the Kremlin’s War Economy: What the West Can Do

The West must cut off Russia's energy revenues, target its enablers, and enforce sanctions with vigor to constrain its war economy.
IMAGES (left to right): People search through buildings, destroyed during Israeli air raids in the southern Gaza Strip on November 7, 2023 in Khan Yunis, Gaza (Photo by Ahmad Hasaballah/Getty Images); A fireball erupts during Israeli bombardment of Gaza City on October 9, 2023 (Photo by Mahmud Hams/AFP via Getty Images); The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings on the request for the indication of provisional measures submitted by South Africa in the case South Africa v. Israel on 11 and 12 January 2024, at the Peace Palace in The Hague, the seat of the Court (Photo by the International Court of Justice).

Just Security’s Israel-Hamas War Archive

Just Security's collection of more than 110 articles covering the Israel-Hamas War and its diplomatic, legal, and humanitarian consequences.
Britain's Prime Minister Keir Starmer, Britain's Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Yvette Cooper, and Britain's Deputy Prim Minister David Lammy. (Photo by KIN CHEUNG/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

Yet Again: The U.K. Government Mischaracterizes Its Obligation to Prevent Genocide in Gaza

"Starmer’s government likely knows a proper interpretation of the law would require a change of policy."
U.S. President Donald Trump signs a letter of congratulations as he meets with Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Rwanda Olivier Nduhungirehe and the Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner

Turning Trump’s Peace Overtures into Sustainable Deals

The president’s many overseas peacemaking initiatives are more likely to succeed with a more collaborative approach drawing on research.
A picture taken from a distance shows the damaged building (L) in the compound housing members of Palestinian militant group Hamas's political bureau

Israel’s Strike on Doha: A Crisis for U.S. Credibility?

Israel's Doha strikes could heighten regional instability, intensify Arab unity against Israel, and chill normalization efforts.
People walk past the United Nations (UN) headquarters in Manhattan

Washington’s Multilateral Retreat Creates an Opening for State and Local Leaders

U.S. state and local leaders can fill voids left as the Trump administration cuts and even exits multilateral organizations.
Protesters carry a banner reading "Stop genocide, sanctions now" during a pro-Palestinian rally in Brussels, Belgium on September 7, 2025. More than 200,000 people filled the streets of the Belgian capital to denounce Israel's actions in Gaza. (Photo by WAHAJ BANI MOUFLEH/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images)

Sanctions against Israel: An International Law Perspective

An examination of proposed sanctions against Israel, the legal framework for sanctions, and States’ obligation to prevent genocide.
Flags fly outside the General Secretariat Building at the United Nations Headquarters.

At the Coming U.N. Leaders Meetings: Existential Questions on the U.S. Role, Israel-Palestine, and the U.N. Itself

This year's General Assembly meeting may do more to spotlight the U.N.’s current weaknesses than help find solutions to them.

Striking Hamas in Qatar: “Unwilling or Unable”?

Leading legal expert analyzes the Israeli airstrike on Hamas leadership in Doha, Qatar.
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