Cyberattacks

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Biden and Putin sit in chairs in front of the American and Russian flags in a library. June 16, 2021

Three International Law Rules for Responding Effectively to Hostile Cyber Operations

Express endorsement of three legal policy positions would go far in ensuring the door to effective cyber responses is open.
Jen Easterly, nominee to be the Director of the Homeland Security Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, and Chris Inglis, nominee to be the National Cyber Director, testify during their confirmation hearing before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee on June 10, 2021 in Washington, DC.

Four Key Takeaways from the Senate’s Cybersecurity Confirmation Hearing

There were approximately 65,000 ransomware attacks last year in the United States, and that number doesn’t seem to be slowing down. Over the past few weeks, cybersecurity has…
In an aerial view, fuel holding tanks are seen at Colonial Pipeline's Dorsey Junction Station on May 13, 2021 in Woodbine, Maryland.

It’s Time for Congress to Push Companies to Come Forward on Hacks

The United States can’t address cyber threats from sophisticated nation State actors like Russia and China if it doesn’t know about them.
FBI Building in Miami, Florida.

Hack-to-Patch by Law Enforcement Is a Dangerous Practice

Recent so-called hack-to-patch activity by law enforcement sets a dangerous precedent for the global business community. Serious security, technical, and policy drawbacks emerge…
A bus passes a large Microsoft sign and logo lit up in bright lights.

We’re From the Government, We’re Here to Help: The FBI and the Microsoft Exchange Hack

In a recent operation, the FBI removed malware from hacked Microsoft Exchange servers, and only attempted to notify the servers’ owners after the fact. This approach is almost…
Artificial intelligence security cameras using facial recognition technology are displayed at a stand during the 14th China International Exhibition on Public Safety and Security at the China International Exhibition Center in Beijing on October 24, 2018. A few people sit at a small table in the booth chatting while others look at the displays on the walls.

One Thousand and One Talents: The Race for A.I. Dominance

Introduction The March 2016 defeat of “Go” world champion Lee Sedol by DeepMind, Alphabet’s artificially intelligent AlphaGo algorithm, will be remembered as a crucial turning…
A graphic illustration of Germany with a triangular grid pattern symbolizing virtual connections.

Germany’s Positions on International Law in Cyberspace Part II

Germany issues major statement on use of force and International Humanitarian Law in cyberspace, analyzed here by leading expert Professor Michael Schmitt.
A AFP journalist views a video on January 25, 2019, manipulated with artificial intelligence to potentially deceive viewers, or "deepfake" at his newsdesk in Washington, DC.

Protecting the Information Space in Times of Armed Conflict

What, if any, limits exist concerning digital information operations in armed conflict? Does the humanitarian legal framework adequately capture the protection needs that arise…
An engineer-virologist looks at 24 well plates adherent cells monolayer infected with a Sars-CoV-2 virus.

COVID-19 and International Law Series: Vaccine Theft, Disinformation, the Law Governing Cyber Operations

Ongoing cyberattacks on vaccine production and distribution systems, such as those discovered by IBM yesterday, may threaten efforts to fight COVID-19. But do they break international…
A poster showing six wanted Russian military intelligent officers is displayed before a news conference at the Department of Justice, on October 19, 2020, in Washington, DC.

The Latest GRU Indictment: A Failed Exercise in Deterrence

On Oct. 19, the Justice Department unsealed an indictment naming six Russian military intelligence officers, members of GRU Unit 74455, also known as “Sandworm.” Peter Machtiger…
An engineer-virologist looks at 24 well plates adherent cells monolayer infected with a Sars-CoV-2 virus.

The Second Oxford Statement on International Law Protections of the Healthcare Sector During Covid-19: Safeguarding Vaccine Research

International lawyers who wish to append their name to the Statement should send an email to ...
People sit and work at large metal desks at U.S. Army Cyber Command headquarters

Cyberattack Attribution and International Law

Earlier this week, the U.S. Department of Justice unsealed an indictment accusing two men linked to China’s Ministry of State Security of a decade-long campaign of hacking dissidents,…
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