Cyber Warfare

"The attack on Georgia shows the opportunity costs of states not firmly grounding their reactions in the language of international law."

Leading expert on international law and cyber responds to statement by Chief of US Naval Operations, Admiral Mike Gilday on international norms in cyberspace.

"There is good reason to conclude the United States may have crossed the use of force threshold with this cyber operation."

The Dutch make a major contribution to interpretation and application of international law in cyberspace with careful legal analysis on topics ranging from sovereignty to the use…

France's positions explained - with translations of key text - on important issues like the meaning of "attack" and the application of the principles of distinction and proportionality…

Leading expert on international law and cyberspace assesses major new position staked out by French government.

Part I demonstrated that the United States is likely to struggle to make a convincing argument that economic cyber intrusions carried out against it breach international law. Consequently,…

On June 11, 2019, White House National Security Adviser John Bolton announced that U.S. offensive cyber operations would be expanded beyond countering election interference to…

"It is difficult to definitely conclude that the proposed U.S. kinetic strikes would have been valid exercises of self-defense."

The news about the November 2018 Cyber Command operation that knocked the notorious Russian troll farm, the Internet Research Agency, offline before the U.S. midterm elections…

The proposed bill strikes a healthy balance between facing up to new cyber-threats and ensuring accountability and oversight.

Explainer on the legal triggers, limits, and powers of Pentagon's new authority to prepare and conduct cyber response if Russia hacks into midterms votes.