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NATO leaders are seated at desks in a large circle with additional desk seating behind them for other attendees, all under a large lighted disk above them and the number 75 in large figures behind them to mark the alliance's 75th anniversary.

After the NATO Summit, Allies Need to Step Up Their Game on Ukraine, Russia, and China

The Alliance made significant progress in some areas, but has lots of work to do going forward to meet the challenges on its doorstep.

Armenia and Azerbaijan in the International Court of Justice Over Nagorno-Karabakh

Learn how cases related to the conflict develop international jurisprudence, including for enforcing State accountability.
Armenians of the political organization Bever march with torches to the Russian Embassy and the streets of central Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, on Feb. 18, 2022, to mark the anniversary of the anti-Bolshevik rebellion by the nationalist Armenian Revolutionary Federation that started on February 13, 1921, and is known as the February Uprising. The Azgayin Zhoghovrdakan Bever (National Democratic Axis), also known as Bever, is known to be a Pro-US, Anti-Russian political organization that has held regular rallies with anti-Russian messages directed towards President Vladimir Putin and his attitude towards Armenia. The image shows the backs of two people carrying flags in a crowd in front of an ornate building at night. (Photo by ANTHONY PIZZOFERRATO/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images)

The US Can’t Guarantee Armenia’s Security, Despite Azerbaijan’s Threats, But It Can Help

The Biden administration may be tempted to step in as Russia fails to protect Armenians, but it should exercise caution in its assistance.
US Capitol building at sunset with moon

Nine Stories That Deserved More Attention in 2023 – and That May Shape 2024

What stories or topics merited more attention in 2023, with a particular eye toward what might inform law and policy conversations in 2024?
UN Secretary General speaks in front of the General Assembly

True-Believers and Nay-Sayers: This Year’s UNGA Had Something for Everyone

The 78th U.N. General Assembly eased, rather than resolved, some of the host of tensions and challenges facing the United Nations.
A European Union observer, seen from behind and wearing a blue helmet and blue vest with the EU's circle of stars on it, looks in the direction of the Lachin corridor, the Armenian-populated breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh region's only land link with Armenia, on July 30, 2023. Karabakh has been at the centre of a decades-long dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which have fought two wars over the mountainous territory. (Photo by KAREN MINASYAN/AFP via Getty Images)

Starvation as a Means of Genocide: Azerbaijan’s Blockade of the Lachin Corridor Between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh

The US, Russia, and other world powers have avenues both to halt the current situation and to pursue justice and accountability.

As Turkey Backs Azerbaijan’s Recent Strikes on Armenian Towns, Where Are Russia, the EU, and the US?

For many reasons, including being the first US president to declare the WWI-era massacre of Armenians a genocide, Biden has cards to play.
A person lays roses over the portraits of victims during a memorial to commemorate the 1915 Armenian mass killings on April 24, 2018 in Istanbul, Turkey.

Recognizing the Armenian Genocide Marks a Historic Turning Point in American Foreign Policy

In a significant break with his predecessors, President Joe Biden formally recognized the Armenian Genocide on April 24, the annual day of remembrance for the massacres.
An Aerostar medium altitude long endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle manufactured by AZAD Systems, joint venture between Azerbaijan and Israel, takes part in a military parade marking the end of the Nagorno Karabakh military conflict on December 10, 2020 in Baku, Azerbaijan.

Potential Gains for Israel After Azerbaijan’s Victory in Nagorno-Karabakh

Benefits might include geopolitical positioning vis-a-vis Iran, more transparent ties with Azerbaijan, maybe even strengthened diplomacy with Armenia.
Local elderly residents take shelter in the basement of an undisclosed church on October 12, 2020 in Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh. Boxes and blankets are placed in piles on the floor and there are a few chairs and benches on which people sit. A person walks past the camera using a walking cane.

Power Politics Obstructs Protection of Civilians in — and After — the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

Five measures that Azerbaijan and Armenia, along with Russia, Turkey, and the international community must take now to improve conditions.
A Russian peacekeeper gestures in the yard of the 12th-13th century Orthodox Dadivank Monastery on November 16, 2020, after the monastery was put under Russia's protection as part of the peace agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh.

The Armenia-Azerbaijan Ceasefire Terms: A Tenuous Hope for Peace

Is the agreement on Nagorno-Karabakh sufficient to create a bridge to a lasting peace, or will its weaknesses reignite the fighting? 
Russian troops check their equipment in their Armoured Personnel carrier (APC) stationed in front of the 12th-13th century Orthodox Dadivank Monastery, outside the town of Kalbajar on November 15, 2020, after the monastery was put under their protection during the military conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh.

After Russia’s Nagorno-Karabakh Ceasefire, Could Turkey Step Up Next for a Lasting Peace?

Despite his confrontational approach, Erdoğan has a pragmatic streak and knows he needs to adjust his politics to address the country’s international isolation.
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