Armed Conflicts

The implementation of the second stage of the agreement, or even just continued calm, likely depends on whether President Donald Trump is prepared to intervene to keep the peace.

The task of those working for international human rights is expansive. Here are a few areas to watch in 2025.

The UAE has begun to take corrective steps to rein in illicit gold trade. The incoming Trump administration could find lessons there.

Deconstructing this bias and integrating the lived reality of male civilians in wartime can improve protection of entire communities.

The conflict has resulted in thousands of deaths and injuries, with estimates of 15,000 killed and more than 20,000 injured.

The unmooring of law from ethics has catalyzed the expansion of violence across the Middle East.

With humanitarian funding decreasing and needs growing, cholera in a camp for displaced people illustrates the dire conditions.

Unless parties are willing to come to the table, there is no pathway from war toward restoring civilian rule and a democratic transition.

International law must better understand and account for the realities of civilian life in territory under armed group control.

Nine factors, considered in their totality, would provide a more nuanced understanding of jus ad bellum proportionality and assist States in identifying specific concerns with…

While legislating is traditionally seen as a role of the State, armed groups impose “rebel law” over ~64 million people in contested regions.

Editor’s Note: This article is part of the Armed Groups and International Law Symposium, building on the volume edited by Katharine Fortin and Ezequiel Heffes. During international…