Sanctions

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A European Union observer, seen from behind and wearing a blue helmet and blue vest with the EU's circle of stars on it, looks in the direction of the Lachin corridor, the Armenian-populated breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh region's only land link with Armenia, on July 30, 2023. Karabakh has been at the centre of a decades-long dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which have fought two wars over the mountainous territory. (Photo by KAREN MINASYAN/AFP via Getty Images)

Starvation as a Means of Genocide: Azerbaijan’s Blockade of the Lachin Corridor Between Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh

The US, Russia, and other world powers have avenues both to halt the current situation and to pursue justice and accountability.

Why Say Who Did What? The Ethiopia Case and the Power of US Atrocity Determinations

Are they meaningful if condemnation is followed blithely by economic engagement with the same actors who committed the violations?
Line of people on stage in front of sign for the C40 World Mayors Summit on October 10, 2019 in Copenhagen

Advancing Global Human Rights Locally

"While U.S. states and localities may not enter into binding agreements with other nations or act contrary to federal law or policy according to legal precedent, U.S. states and…
Antigovernment protesters hold a Nicaraguan flag over their heads against the sky and yell slogans in front of a riot police line during the 71st International Celebration of Human Rights in Managua on December 10, 2019.  (Photo by INTI OCON/AFP via Getty Images)

Nicaragua’s Human Rights Crisis, Fueling Migrant Flows, Demands More Strategic US Action

The policy has been largely ad hoc. Success requires strong, coordinated messaging, sanctions, accountability steps, and other measures.
Journalists and members of Guatemalan civil society carry a banner reading “Without Journalism There is No Democracy” during a demonstration against the threat to freedom of expression and the criminal prosecution of communicators, outside court in Guatemala City on March 4, 2023. The United States expressed concern on March 2 over Guatemala’s decision to bring legal action against nine journalists from an investigative newspaper, saying the move undermined free speech, and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) accused Guatemalan authorities of trying to “intimidate and harass” journalists at the publication who were investigating government corruption. The journalists from the newspaper El Periodico include its founder Jose Ruben Zamora, who had already spent eight months in pre-trial detention on accusations of money laundering and blackmail. (Photo by JOHAN ORDONEZ/AFP via Getty Images)

Freedom of Expression and Media Freedom as a Driver for All Human Rights

Freedom of expression is protected in international law, because, without it, democracy and the rule of law wither away. A free press is a vital aspect.
Activists demonstrate in front of the White House, calling on the US to intervene to stop the fighting in Sudan, in Washington, DC, on April 29, 2023. They carry signs with messages including "Sudanese People are Not for Sale" and "Stop the War in Sudan." Also that day, warplanes on bombing raids drew heavy anti-aircraft fire over Khartoum, as fierce fighting between Sudan's army and paramilitaries entered a third week, violating a renewed truce.  (Photo by DANIEL SLIM/AFP via Getty Images)

To End War in Sudan, Target the Generals’ War Chests

Only when the parties see that their financial interests are in jeopardy will they be willing to seriously negotiate.
Smoke billows above residential buildings

Sudan in Crisis: Humanitarian Ceasefire Urgently Needed

International actors should press for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire and civilian protection in Sudan.
Members of the Delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran sit at a desk listening to the International Court of Justice's judgement in the case concerning Certain Iranian Assets in The Hague.

After ICJ’s “Certain Iranian Assets” Judgment, Iran and United States Both Claim Victory

"[T]he Court determined that it could not order the United States to unfreeze nearly $1.75 billion in Iranian central bank assets but obligated the United States to compensate…
The episode title with sound waves in the background.

The Just Security Podcast: The M23 Conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo

To explain the M23 conflict, and what the United States can do to pressure Rwanda to withdraw, we have Daniel Levine-Spound and Ari Tolany.
The image shows a stack of Russian 100 ruble banknotes.

Why the European Commission’s Proposal for Russian State Asset Seizure Should be Abandoned

Seizure of Russian assets poses risks to the possibility, legitimacy, and international acceptance of an ultimate post-conflict settlement.
People gather in the Melend village in Idlib, Syria

Breaking Down Barriers to Emergency Earthquake Aid in Syria

"It is not in the U.S. national security interest for export controls to increase loss of life in Syria by preventing the supply of disaster relief equipment at a time of crisis."
The seal of the Treasury Department is seen on the Treasury Department Building in Washington, D.C. on Jan. 18, 2023.

The Treasury Department’s Material Support Carveouts are a Welcomed First Step – But Congress Must Act to Create a Sustainable Fix

Congress needs to pass legislation to expand vital protections for NGOs delivering life-saving humanitarian assistance.
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