Non-proliferation

Highlights:

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine discusses the mission details of a strike on Iran during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. In the image he is showing the media a graphic that describes the timeline of the operation. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

The Day After U.S. Strikes on Iran’s Nuclear Program: A Policy and Legal Assessment

An expert policy and legal assessment of the U.S. strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities and what comes next.
Flags of USA and Iran

Top Experts’ Backgrounder: Military Action Against Iran and US Domestic Law

Experts who advised a president on use of force answer a full range of basic questions on the conditions under which action against Iran would be lawful, and what options Congress…
Collage of the Israel-Iran conflict

Collection: Israel-Iran Conflict

Experts analyze critical dimensions of Israel’s strikes relevant responses, covering nuclear diplomacy; strategic, security, and regional implications; and international law.
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L), accompanied by Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. Dan Caine (R), speaks during a news conference at the Pentagon on June 22, 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. U.S. President Donald Trump gave an address to the nation last night after three Iranian nuclear facilities were struck by the U.S. military. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

President Trump’s Decision to Bomb Iran: From Bad to Worse

Whether newly announced ceasefire actually leads to end hostilities will not change the new reality: a comprehensive agreement is less likely now than before the bombing
plume of heavy smoke and fire rise from an oil refinery in southern Tehran

Israel and Iran: A War with No Off-Ramp

The constellation of forces in Israel, the United States, and beyond complicates efforts to find an off-ramp to the war.
This combination of pictures created on April 09, 2025 shows US Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff (L) and Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi (L)

Creating the Conditions for a Nuclear Deal with Iran

The Trump administration should focus on messaging pragmatic objectives for a deal and de-emphasizing U.S. efforts to exert “maximum pressure” on Iran while talks are ongoing.
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34 Articles
Missile system on the background of sunset sky

Doubts Concerning America’s Reliability Should Not Lead to a European Nuclear Deterrent

Stepping away from NATO would reduce U.S. leverage over European allies, potentially leading to more nuclear-armed states.
The Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility is seen at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation June 30, 2005 near Richland, Washington

Nuclear Testing Is a Relic. Resuming It Would Be Reckless.

The United States will uphold its leadership in non-proliferation by refraining from unnecessary and destabilizing nuclear tests.
Department of Energy building in Washington, DC

Questions for Senators (and Journalists) to Ask Secretary of Energy Nominee Chris Wright

We asked leading experts what questions the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources should focus on in Wright’s confirmation hearing.
Flags of the USA and Iran

U.S. Options for Iran Diplomacy in 2025

Trump faces a significant challenge in addressing Iran's nuclear program, but he also has an opportunity to reduce its proliferation risks.
A black and white image of a press conference in the White House on July 01, 1968. President Lyndon B. Johnson stands at a podium to address members of the press. Leaders from various other countries are seated.

Trump’s Record, Rhetoric Suggest Second Term Could Prove Fatal to Nuclear Nonproliferation

US presidents of both parties have agreed for 60 years on the need to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. Trump has signaled he’s not so sure.
This picture shows a North Korean guard in a watchtower on the border in the North Korean village of Hyesan as seen from Changbai in China's northeast Jilin province. (Photo by Pedro PARDO / AFP) / To go with China-NKorea-politics, REPORTAGE (Photo by PEDRO PARDO/AFP via Getty Images)

The Growing Threat from North Korea

A decade after a major UN human rights report, abuses are escalating, and they are integrally connected to the country's nuclear program.
Nuclear submarine at sea at sunset.

Why Congress Shouldn’t Fund a New Sea-Launched Nuke

Reviving the nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile not only goes against sound military doctrine, it also undermines the basic national interests the US Navy has always protected.…
In this pool photograph distributed by Russia's state agency Sputnik, Russian President Vladimir Putin gives an interview to TV host and Director General of Rossiya Segodnya (RIA Novosti) news agency Dmitry Kiselyov at the Kremlin in Moscow on March 12, 2024. His comments included that Russia was "ready" to use nuclear weapons if it felt necessary, but “there has never been such a need." the scene shows Putin sitting in front of a Russian flag, facing the interviewer, whose back is to the camera. (Photo by GAVRIIL GRIGOROV/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

Beating Putin’s Game of Nuclear Chicken

The Russian leader regularly threatens to use nuclear weapons to intimidate the US. An effective counter would exploit his fears.
Iran flag on metal wall. Conflict of atomic technology

Enhancing Nuclear Transparency in Iran Could Help Prevent a Wider War

Pursuing transparency measures now in Iran would help prevent the country's nuclear program from triggering a wider war.

The CFE Treaty’s Demise and the OSCE: Time to Think Anew?

NATO's suspension of the pact and Russia's earlier withdrawal compounds the OSCE's crisis, as conventional arms control in Europe collapses.

US-Russia Nuclear Arms Control Talks `Without Preconditions’: Somebody Has to Make the First Move

Three months after pledging to find ways to reduce the risks, the Biden administration has yet to take the lead, as it must for US security.
Graphic of three missiles on top of the Iranian flag.

An Opening to Deescalate the Iran Nuclear Crisis?

Iran’s recent willingness to work with the IAEA on transparency measures could be a step toward deescalating the nuclear crisis.
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