International Law

Just Security offers expert analysis of international law and its role in addressing global challenges. Our coverage includes litigation in international and regional tribunals, the process of international law-making, analysis of compliance and accountability for international law violations–including international criminal justice, and challenges to the international legal order.

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3,768 Articles
People work at sewing machines in rows at a textile-manufacturing company in Batumi, Georgia’s Black Sea.

World Bank’s “Doing Business Index,” a Thorn for Kleptocrats, Must Be Protected

Countries that have cleaned up their act under pressure from the index rankings illustrate the need for such a gauge.
Malian Muslim militant Al-Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz Ag Mohamed Ag Mahmoud attends his trial at the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague, The Netherlands, on July 8, 2019.

Expanding Justice for Gender-Based Crimes with a Treaty on Crimes Against Humanity

Such a legal framework could be transformative for so many who have been left out or on the margins of existing mechanisms, including women.
A person with a dog walks in the snow near the DEW line (Defensive Early Warning Line) station near Kaktovik, Alaska, once part of an early warning radar system established by the US military to watch for nuclear bombers and missiles coming in from the Soviet Union.

The Role of Nuclear Weapons: Why Biden Should Declare a Policy of No First Use

With the administration preparing its Nuclear Posture Review, such a declaration would significantly reduce the risks of nuclear war.
The United Nations headquarters in New York

Polemical Pacifism: The Wonkfare of Samuel Moyn

NYU's Rob Howse reviews Samuel Moyn's latest book, Humane.
A Bosnian Muslim signs a book in a makeshift memorial for Bosnian Muslim victims on November 22, 2017 in The Hague, The Netherlands. Photographs dangle on strings at the memorial.

The Relay Race of Defining Crimes Against Humanity – From the International Tribunals to the Draft Articles

At times the baton was dropped; at other times, drafters successfully overcame the hurdles in the process, as with the ICC Statute.
Three people check Facebook over tea and food at a teashop in Yangon, Myanmar.

Q&A on Court Ordering Facebook to Disclose Content on Myanmar Genocide

Implications for future investigations and more...
Funeral workers carry a body bag containing the remains of Arvin Arbuis through a grave site. A procession of people follow.

ICC Investigation of Philippines President Duterte Sends Important Signals

It tells other governments that they may not obtain retroactive impunity for their crimes by withdrawing from the ICC treaty.
Filipino protestors demonstrate outside the Chinese Embassy on July 12, 2019 in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. They carry signs reading, “Justice for Filipino Fishermen!” “Demiliterize West Philippine Sea” “Uphold Philippine Victory in the Arbitral Tribunal! China Out of the West Philippine Sea!” and more.

China, Climate Change, Credibility: Why It’s (Finally) Time for the US to Join the Law of the Sea Convention

The US absence at the table is more perplexing than ever, considering how these issues will define maritime governance in the 21st century.
Diane Foley, the mother of slain ISIS hostage James Foley, stands alongside the parents of slain ISIS hostage Kayla Mueller, Carl Mueller and Marsha Mueller, and family members of 2 other slain ISIS hostages, following the guilty pleas by Alexanda Kotey, a member of the notorious Islamic State kidnapping cell dubbed the "Beatles," to charges of conspiring to murder four American hostages, including Mueller and Foley, outside the the US District Court in Alexandria, Virginia, September 2, 2021.

Impact-Based Jurisdiction and Crimes Against Humanity Statutes Are Needed for Effective Accountability

The answer is to fully enact international criminal law at the national level and to provide for its maximum reach.
Norng Chan Phal, who survived internment at the Tuol Sleng prison known as S-21 as a child, looks at portraits of victims of the Khmer Rouge regime displayed at Tuol Sleng genocide museum in Phnom Penh on September 2, 2020.

Crimes of Omission: Why a UN Treaty on Genocide but Not on Crimes Against Humanity?

It is a matter of historical curiosity, and it's time for the UN to reunite genocide with its genus by concluding a parallel treaty.
Members of the UNIFIL (United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon) Italian contingent gather in the village of Seddiqine in the southern Lebanese district of Tyre, from near where four rockets were fired towards Israel, on May 19, 2021. They stand in front of an armored vehicle.

Why the UN Needs a Comprehensive “Agenda for Protection”

The UN has repeatedly failed to fulfill its mission to protect civilians. A protection agenda could help it succeed.
The empty courtroom of the U.S. Supreme Court is seen September 30, 2016. Curtains are parted to reveal chairs, pews, and the seats for the judges at the front of the room.

Activism and Consequences

A response to Margulies and Azmy.
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