Armed Conflict • International Law
Use of Force
838 Articles

Does Russia Exercise Overall Control over the Wagner Group? Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference
Use of the “overall control” test to attribute Wagner Group conduct to Russia is appealing, but considering the test’s application to other factual scenarios, there is some…

An Assessment of the United States’ New Position on An Aggression Tribunal for Ukraine
Praise but also a critique of the new U.S. position.

Policy Alert: Iran-U.S. Hostilities Ratcheting Up in Syria
Tensions between Iran and the United States are escalating again following tit-for-tat hostilities in Syria.

How Does IHL apply to New Technologies in Outer Space?: Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference
The real challenge in the space domain is avoiding escalation in the first instance, such as by reducing threats and developing transparency and confidence building measures.

Is Amending the Rome Statute the Panacea Against Perceived Selectivity and Impunity for the Crime of Aggression Committed Against Ukraine?
Many supporters of a STCoA argue for a two-tiered approach because a quick fix of the Court’s jurisdictional regime is unrealistic.

The Russian Intercept of the U.S. Reaper and International Law
The Russian operation almost certainly violated the international law obligation of due regard and, perhaps, the prohibition on using force. Nevertheless, the Biden administration…

Opaque Transparency on the Use of Force: Observations on the 2022 “1264” Report
The 2022 report illustrates the limits of congressionally mandated reporting requirements on matters of war and peace and the need for Congress to be more proactive in informing…

Can Aid or Assistance Be a Use of Force?: Expert Q&A from Stockton Center’s Russia-Ukraine Conference
Some States are likely engaging in force by virtue of the quantity and quality of the support they are providing to Ukraine. Those activities are lawful as actions taken in the…

One Year On: If Ukraine Falls, the Global Consequences Will Haunt the World for Generations
"The narrative of the plucky Ukrainian underdog taking on Russia’s sclerotic Goliath helped to rally support across the world, but it now masks a creeping complacency among Ukraine’s…

Just Security Podcast: A Year in Russia’s War Against Ukraine: Forging a US Response
Since Russia began its full-scale invasion of Ukraine a year ago, we’ve seen some surprising military, diplomatic, and legal developments in the war. Ukrainian forces have proven…

A Pragmatic Legal Approach to End Russia’s Aggression
Founding Prosecutor of International Criminal Court writes about how the Court can be used to help in negotiating an end to the Ukraine war.

A Values-based Approach to Foreign Policy? Lessons for the Biden Administration
Integrating human security into U.S. military planning would give substance to the idea of a values-based approach to foreign policy.