Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

Civilian Harm Israel-Hamas War Russia-Ukraine Sudan Law of Armed Conflict/IHL Use of Force

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US Secretary of State Marco Rubio (L) sits across from Qatar's Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani (R)

Some Questions About Trump’s Order Pledging to Defend Qatar’s Security

Trump's Executive Order on Qatar raises a number of important legal and policy questions that merit careful consideration by Congress and the public.

Oct. 9, 2025 Michael Mattler

(L-R) US Vice President JD Vance, US President Donald Trump and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio listen as Democratic Republic of the Congo Foreign Minister Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner during a meeting with her and Rwandan Foreign Minister Olivier Nduhungirehe (not pictured) in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC, on June 27, 2025. Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo signed an agreement in Washington on Friday to put an end to a conflict in the eastern DRC that has killed thousands, although broad questions loom on what it will mean. Trump has trumpeted the diplomacy that led to the deal and publicly complained that he has not received a Nobel Peace Prize. But the agreement has also come under scrutiny for its vagueness including on the economic component, with the Trump administration eager to compete with China and profit from abundant mineral wealth in the long-turbulent east of the vast DRC. (Photo by ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS / AFP) (Photo by ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS/AFP via Getty Images)

U.S. Sanctions Removal on Mining Magnate Would Set Back Peace and Investment in DR Congo

The Trump administration and Congress can end the cycle of looting, smuggling, and violent extraction of raw materials from the DRC and provide a better footing for peace.

Oct. 8, 2025 John Prendergast and Sasha Lezhnev

The Just Security Podcast: Murder on the High Seas Part II — What We Know about U.S. Vessel Strikes One Month In

Tess Bridgeman and Rachel Goldbrenner are joined by Rebecca Ingber and Brian Finucane to analyze the facts, the law, and implications of U.S. killings in the Caribbean.

Oct. 7, 2025 Tess Bridgeman, Brian Finucane and 2 more

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin chairs a Security Council meeting via a videoconference at the Kremlin in Moscow on July 25, 2025. (Photo by SERGEI ILYIN/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)

Russian Motivations Behind the “Hanoi Convention” Against Cybercrime

Russia’s cybercrime stance reflects a broader push to assert state control over the internet, restrict dissent, and build global backing for its governance model.

Oct. 7, 2025 Alexander Seger

Top shot of Pamela Bondi before the Senate Judiciary Committee

What the Senate Judiciary Committee Should Ask A.G. Bondi on Drug Cartel Strikes

Annotated questions Congress should be asking about U.S. military strikes on suspected drug traffickers in the Caribbean.

Oct. 3, 2025 Mary B. McCord and Tess Bridgeman

The US Navy warship USS Sampson (DDG 102) docks at the Amador International Cruise Terminal in Panama City

Legal Flaws in the Trump Administration’s Notice to Congress on “Armed Conflict” with Drug Cartels

The Trump administration’s “armed conflict” justification, however, is groundless.

Oct. 3, 2025 Marty Lederman

U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

Trump Signals Instrumental Approach to U.N. – But it Could Be Worse

Trump's General Assembly speech could have been worse, but it also showed that if countries want to make the U.N. system work, they can't bank on U.S. leadership.

Oct. 2, 2025 Richard Gowan

Balancing the Scales: Survivors’ Needs and Rights and Criminal Accountability in Ukraine

Providing options and support for victims of sexual and gender-based violence can help survivors see themselves as part of a larger movement toward accountability and healing.

Oct. 2, 2025 Hoar Habrelian and Julia Tétrault-Provencher