Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,300 Articles
F-35 fighter aircraft against blue sky with two white contrails.

Dutch Appeals Court, Finding Clear Risk of IHL Violations, Orders Government to Halt Military Deliveries to Israel

A Dutch appeals court has ordered the government to halt delivery of F-35 fighter jet parts to Israel within seven days.

On Civilians’ Return to North Gaza: What International Humanitarian Law Requires

A leading legal scholar analyzes international humanitarian law obligations of Israel to permit Palestinian civilians to return to Northern Gaza.
Various countries' flags in front of UN building and fence with UN symbol

National Security at the United Nations This Week (Feb. 5-Feb. 9)

Developments at the United Nations at the intersection of national security, human rights, and the rule of law.
The photo shows destroyed buildings in Gaza City.

Who Will Govern Gaza? Lessons From the U.N.’s 1957 Experiment

Some reflection on the U.N.’s largely forgotten experience as governor of Gaza may prove useful for today’s much more severe crisis.
People lay floral tributes on February 5, 2024, at Sarajevo's main produce market, "Markale," during a commemoration marking the 30th anniversary of the first of the two "Markale massacres" during the siege of Sarajevo in the Bosnian War. A single mortar shell fired from Bosnian Serb artillery positions onto the market killed 68 civilians and injured 144 on February 5, 1994. (Photo by ELVIS BARUKCIC/AFP via Getty Images)

A Welcome US Course Adjustment – But Now the Western Balkans Needs a Full Policy Recalibration

Recent warnings to Bosnian separatists and other obstructionists are helpful, but deeper changes are needed. The upcoming Biden-Scholz meeting is a chance.
A group of older women calling themselves the "Happy Grandmas" work on weaving Shyrdaks - traditional Kyrgyz woollen rugs, at the House of Culture of the Metallurgists of Kadamjay -- a city built in the 1930s around a huge metals factory that is now shut down, in Kyrgyzstan's remote region of Batken on October 2, 2023. (Photo by VYACHESLAV OSELEDKO/AFP via Getty Images)

As Low- and Middle-Income Countries Grapple with the Megatrend of Aging, Development Finance Institutions Are Key

By 2050, almost 80 percent of people 60 and over will live in these countries, requiring sustained engagement to reduce economic risks.

Protected Persons and the ‘Geographic Nexus’ Requirement in the DoD Law of War Manual

A critical assessment of how the Department of Defense Law of War Manual narrowly defines "protected persons" under the Geneva Conventions.
Wide-angle shot of long panel of judges in front of crowd, with two stained glass windows in background.

Taking Stock of ICJ Decisions in the ‘Ukraine v. Russia’ Cases—And implications for South Africa’s case against Israel

What do the ICJ's two recent decisions mean for Ukraine's international legal strategy, and what do they signal about other pending ICJ cases, including South Africa v. Israel?
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The Just Security Podcast: Russia’s Political Prisoners and Their Lawyers: Vladimir Kara-Murza’s Case Highlights the Risks

In Russia and other repressive countries, the situation is often dire for the lawyers trying to defend political prisoners.
Various countries' flags in front of UN building and fence with UN symbol

National Security at the United Nations This Week (Jan. 29-Feb. 2)

ICJ issues judgment in 2017 Ukraine-Russia case, UN officials emphasize importance of UNRWA funding in Gaza, ICC Prosecutor speaks on Sudan, and more.
The episode title is shown with sound waves behind it.

The Just Security Podcast: How Should the World Regulate Artificial Intelligence?

While States face a common problem in regulating AI, approaches differ and prospects for global cooperation appear limited. 

Between Rhetoric and Effects: The ICJ Provisional Measures Order in South Africa v. Israel

A close dissection of what exactly the ICJ required Israel to do, and what the Court may have purposefully left ambiguous.
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