Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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3,297 Articles
People stand in line waiting for water.

Russia’s Attacks on Ukraine’s Energy Infrastructure Imperil Healthcare Access

Services required for the survival of Ukraine’s civilian population – like healthcare – are affected by attacks on energy infrastructure.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stands at a podium wearing a dark shirt with blue and yellow Ukrainian flags behind him.

Justice in Ukraine Requires Using All Tools in the Accountability Ecosystem

Ukraine may represent a unique case of the full use of available mechanisms within the existing system of international criminal justice.
Damage to the Great Omari Mosque in Gaza is shown - the building has one tower showing against a blue sky.

Explosive Weapons Pose Threats to Cultural Heritage: States Have a Tool to Protect It

Destroying cultural heritage in armed conflict impacts civilians and those who treasure it. States have legal and policy tools to protect it.
The European Commission headquarters building is shown lit in yellow on the bottom half and blue on the top half.

International Enough? A Council of Europe Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression

To overcome personal immunities, a proposed Ukraine-CoE special tribunal must act on behalf of the international community as a whole.
A large Liberian flag hangs on a large curved building with a building crane in the background.

Liberia’s Post-War Struggle for Accountability, Justice, and Healing

Liberia's president is working to establish a war crimes court to prosecute crimes which occurred during the country's civil war.
The image shows the General Assembly chamber with member representatives seated in a semicircle before the podium, and the final vote tally on boards to the left and right of the dias backdrop, showing the vote of 84 in favor, 19 opposed, and 68 abstaining.

UN Recognition to Mark the Srebrenica Genocide Is Only the Beginning

Public and formal education will be needed to fulfill the resolution's purpose of ending genocide denial and preventing future atrocities.
International Criminal Court Prosecutor Karim Khan poses during an interview

The Prosecutor’s Circumvention of Article 18 Complementarity? A Flaw in the ICC’s Palestine Investigation

"Bypassing Article 18 complementarity might jeopardize the legitimacy of the legal process undertaken by the Court in the eyes of certain constituencies"
Fighters from the Free Syrian Army cheer and react as they fight against the Islamic State (IS) group jihadists on the outskirts of the northern Syrian town of Dabiq, on October 15, 2016.

​​Combatant Privilege vs. Criminal Responsibility for Organized Armed Groups

Editor’s Note: This article is part of the Armed Groups and International Law Symposium, building on the volume edited by Katharine Fortin and Ezequiel Heffes. During international…

Armenia and Azerbaijan in the International Court of Justice Over Nagorno-Karabakh

Learn how cases related to the conflict develop international jurisprudence, including for enforcing State accountability.
ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan stands in a hallway wearing a dark suit and a blue shirt and dark blue tie.

Gaza Arrest Warrants: Assessing Starvation as a Method of Warfare and Associated Starvation Crimes

The ICC Prosecutor's charges related to starvation in Gaza resemble patterns of previous starvation crimes over the past eight years.
A woman who is covered except for her eyes carries a child in her arms as she walks along a dirt road in front of ramshackle tents, a slightly older child at her side. The heads of two young boys show in the foreground of the image.

Deaths, Torture, and Arbitrary Detention in the Wake of the Islamic State in Syria: The US Responsibility to Act

More than 56,000 people, including 30,000 children, are being held with US support and many face systematic torture and grossly inhumane conditions.
Two soldiers stand on a road while others ride motorcycles.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo is in Crisis. Will the U.S. Government Protect Congolese Immigrants in the United States?

DRC meets legal requirements for temporary protected status, including through ongoing armed conflict and environmental disasters.
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