1. Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute, Dataset of voter fraud claims through December 2020
2. Lena V. Groeger, et al., Database of Parler videos, ProPublica (Jan. 17, 2021)
Related readings:
Alec MacGillis, Inside the Capitol Riot: What the Parler Videos Reveal, ProPublica (Jan. 17, 2021)
Max Aliapoulios, et al., An Early Look at the Parler Online Social Network (Jan. 15, 2021)
3. Database of 183 million Parler posts, Tech Policy Press (Jan. 30, 2021)
4. Facial Recognition: Faces of the Riot
5. “John M,” Kaggle collection of Parler videos
6. Anonymous, Capitol Terrorist Attack Database
7. Patr10tic, US Capitol Attack Facial Recognition and US Capitol Attack Video Map
8. Veronika Solopova, Tatjana Scheffler, Mihaela Popa-Wyatt, A Telegram Corpus for Hate Speech, Offensive Language, and Online Harm, Journal of Open Humanities Data (Jul. 5, 2021) (including manual annotations of harmful language for a portion of the posts leading up to the Jan. 6 and its aftermath)
Editors’ note: See also following section, Warning Signs on Social Media
1. Marc-André Argentino, QAnon and the storm of the U.S. Capitol: The offline effect of online conspiracy theories, The Conversation (Jan. 7, 2021)
2. Amanda Seitz, Mob at U.S. Capitol Encouraged by Online Conspiracy Theories, Associated Press (Jan. 7, 2021)
3. Audio: Joan Donovan Interview, On How Platforms Enabled the Capitol Hill Riot, Big Tech podcast (Jan. 21, 2021)
4. Joan Donovan, How Social Media’s Obsession with Scale Supercharged Disinformation, Harvard Business Review (Jan. 13, 2021)
5. Zach Stanton, The Internet is a Crime Scene, Politico (Jan. 14, 2021)
6. Spencer Silva, Facebook enabled The Epoch Times to push the Big Lie on its platform ahead of the Capitol insurrection, Media Matters (Mar. 1, 2021)
7. Ari Chasnoff, Election Integrity Partnership Releases Final Report on Mis- and Disinformation in 2020 U.S. Election, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University (Mar. 2, 2021)
Related content: Webinar
8. Avaaz. Facebook: From Election to Insurrection How Facebook Failed Voters and Nearly Set Democracy Aflame. (Mar. 18, 2021)
9. Ryan Mac, Craig Silverman & Jane Lytvynenko, Facebook Stopped Employees From Reading An Internal Report About Its Role In The Insurrection. You Can Read It Here, Buzzfeed News (Apr. 26, 2021)
10. Justin Hendrix Anatomy of the Big Lie: Participatory Disinformation vs. Democracy, Tech Policy Press (May 13, 2021)
11. Ryan Mac, Craig Silverman & Jane Lytvynenko, Facebook Knows It Was Used To Help Incite The Capitol Insurrection, Buzzfeed News (Apr. 22, 2021)
12. Donie O’Sullivan & Dan Merica, Frustration and bewilderment: Emails show tension between Facebook and Biden campaign, CNN (Jun. 23, 2021)
13. Tatjana Scheffler, Veronika Solopova, Mihaela Popa-Wyatt, The Telegram Chronicles of Online Harm, Journal of Open Humanities Data (Jul. 5, 2021) (analyzing the language in a Telegram channel populated by followers of former President Donald Trump before and after Jan. 6)
14. DHS, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, Some Domestic Violent Extremists and Foreign Terrorist Organizations Exploiting TikTok (Apr. 19, 2021)
Related news report: Betsy Woodruff Swan and Mark Scott, DHS: Extremists Used TikTok to Promote Jan. 6 Violence, Politico (Sept. 16, 2021)
15. Craig Silverman, Craig Timberg, Jeff Kao, and Jeremy B. Merrill, Facebook Hosted Surge of Misinformation and Insurrection Threats in Months Leading Up to Jan. 6 Attack, Records Show, ProPublica and The Washington Post (January 4, 2022)
16. Candace Rondeaux, Ben Dalton, Cuong Nguyen, Michael Simeone, Thomas Taylor, Shawn Walker, Parler and the Road to the Capitol Attack: Investigating Alt-Tech Ties to January 6, New America (January 5, 2022)
Valerie Wirtschafter, Audible Reckoning: How Top Political Podcasts Spread Unsubstantiated and False Claims, Brookings (Feb. 8, 2023)
Editors’ note: See also previous section, Social Media Information Environment
1. Parler Letter to Chair and Ranking Member of House Committee on Oversight and Reform (including screenshots of warnings sent to FBI) (Mar. 25, 2021)
2. Brandy Zadrozny & Ben Collins, Violent Threats Ripple Through Far-Right Internet Forums Ahead of Protest, NBC News (Jan. 5, 2021)
3. Kristen Doerer, Capitol Breach Preceded by Widespread Calls for Violence on Pro-Trump Social Media, Rightwing Watch (discussing research by Advance Democracy Inc.) (Jan. 6, 2021)
4. Daniel Zuidijk & Kartikay Mehrotra, Trump Supporter Rage Simmered on Social Media Before D.C. Violence, Bloomberg (Jan. 6, 2021)
5. Jane Lytvynenko & Molly Hensley-Clancy, The Rioters Who Took Over The Capitol Have Been Planning Online In The Open For Weeks, Buzzfeed News (Jan. 6, 2021)
6. Alex Newhouse, US Capitol attack: Far-right activists on social media telegraphed violence weeks before, News24 (Jan. 11, 2021)
7. Devlin Barrett & Matt Zapotosky, FBI report warned of ‘war’ at Capitol, contradicting claims there was no indication of looming violence, Washington Post (Jan. 12, 2021)
8. Dina Temple-Raston, Why Didn't The FBI And DHS Produce A Threat Report Ahead of The Capitol Insurrection?, NPR (Jan. 13, 2021) Editors’ Pick
Excerpt: “In late December, the New York Police Department sent a packet of material to the U.S. Capitol Police and the FBI. It was full of what's known as raw intelligence — bits and pieces of information that turned up by scraping various social media sites. It all indicated that there would likely be violence when lawmakers certified the presidential election on Jan. 6.”
9. Ken Dilanian, FBI agent acknowledges in court filing that Trump backers discussed 'revolution' before Jan. 6, NBC News (Jun. 21, 2021)
1. Must-See Moments from a Dark Day in America (Video), CNN
2. Watch a Timeline of the U.S. Capitol Siege that Rocked America, CNBC (Jan. 7, 2021)
3. Bob Garfield & Brooke Gladstone, The Zello Tapes: The Walkie-Talkie App Used During The Insurrection, WNYC Studios (Jan. 15, 2021)
4. Julia Jacobo, A Visual Timeline of How the Attack on Capitol Hill Unfolded, ABC News (Jan. 20, 2021)
5. Video Investigation: Proud Boys Were Key Instigators in Capitol Riot, Wall Street Journal (Jan. 26, 2021) Editors’ Pick
6. Aleszu Bajak, Jessica Guynn and Mitchell Thorson, When Trump started his speech before the Capitol riot, talk on Parler turned to civil war, USA Today (Feb. 1, 2021)
7. Robin Stein, Haley Willis, Danielle Miller and Michael S. Schmidt, ‘We’ve Lost the Line!’: Radio Traffic Reveals Police Under Siege at Capitol, NY Times (Mar. 22, 2021)
8. Dmitriy Khavin, Haley Willis, Evan Hill, Natalie Reneau, Drew Jordan, Cora Engelbrecht, Christiaan Triebert, Stella Cooper, Malachy Browne and David Botti, "Day of Rage: An In-Depth Look at How a Mob Stormed the Capitol," New York Times, June 30, 2021 (40-minute video) Editors' Pick
Note: Study of social media communications in immediate aftermath of Jan. 6:
Illt Hitkul, et al., Capitol (Pat)riots: A Comparative study of Twitter and Parler (Jan. 18, 2021)
1. Patrick Van Kessel & Sono Shah, How lawmakers’ social media activity changed in the days after the U.S. Capitol riot, Pew Research Center (Jan. 15, 2021)
2. Representative Zoe Lofgren, Social Media Review (Members who were sworn-into office Jan. 2021 and voted to overturn the 2020 election)
3. Justin Hendrix, Nicholas Tonckens and Sruthi Venkatachalam, Timeline: Rep. Jim Jordan, a Systematic Disinformation Campaign, and January 6 (Aug. 23, 2021)
1. See above Section for Congressional Hearings
2. Senator Warner, then-incoming Chair of Senate Intelligence Committee, Urges Wireless Carriers and Technology Companies to Preserve Evidence Related to the Attack on the U.S. Capitol (Jan. 9. 2021)
Letters sent to AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon, Apple, Facebook, Gab, Google, Parler, Signal, Telegram, and Twitter.
3. House of Representatives, Impeachment Documents - Evidentiary Record Volume III: Tweets, Photos, Videos (excerpts) (Feb. 2, 2021)\
4. House Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol, Demands Records from Social Media Companies (a single PDF with all demand letters) (press release) (Aug. 26-27, 2021):
- 4chan
- 8kun (formerly known as 8chan)
- Gab
- Parler
- Snapchat
- Telegram
- theDonald.win
- Tik-Tok
- Twitch
- YouTube
- Zello
5. House Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol, Telecom and Social Media Companies Preservation Requests (a single PDF with all demand letters) (Aug. 30, 2021).
6. House Select Committee, Social Media & the January 6th Attack on the U.S. Capitol, Summary of Investigative Findings (via Washington Post, Jan. 17, 2023)
4. YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki on online speech, government regulation, and Donald Trump’s suspended account, Atlantic Council (Mar. 4, 2021)
5. Facebook Oversight Board Decision (May 5, 2021)
6. Facebook response to Oversight Board recommendations (Jun. 4, 2021)