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Konstantin Ivashchenko (seated in foreground on the right), former CEO of the Azovmash plant and appointed pro-Russian mayor of Mariupol, visits a polling station as people vote in a referendum in Mariupol on September 27, 2022. He is seated in a green uniform in front of a desk where poll workers are examining documents, and a uniformed, armed soldier wearing a balaclava is standing behind him. In the background is another desk with poll workers on one side and a civilian on the other, possibly a voter. Western nations dismissed the referendums in Kremlin-controlled regions of eastern and southern Ukraine as the voting on whether Russia should annex four regions of Ukraine started on September 23, 2022. (Photo by STRINGER/AFP via Getty Images)

Боротьба з ядерним шантажем Путіна

Президент Росії Володимир Путін погрожує застосувати ядерну зброю для досягнення перемоги над…
Konstantin Ivashchenko (seated in foreground on the right), former CEO of the Azovmash plant and appointed pro-Russian mayor of Mariupol, visits a polling station as people vote in a referendum in Mariupol on September 27, 2022. He is seated in a green uniform in front of a desk where poll workers are examining documents, and a uniformed, armed soldier wearing a balaclava is standing behind him. In the background is another desk with poll workers on one side and a civilian on the other, possibly a voter. Western nations dismissed the referendums in Kremlin-controlled regions of eastern and southern Ukraine as the voting on whether Russia should annex four regions of Ukraine started on September 23, 2022. (Photo by STRINGER/AFP via Getty Images)

Dealing with Putin’s Nuclear Blackmail

The risk cannot be dismissed, but giving in to his threats in his war on Ukraine would create a precedent that he likely would use elsewhere.
Rubble lies on the floor near the site of a recent Al Shabab attack on the Hayat Hotel, seen through the window of an armoured car on September 4, 2022 in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Bombing for Peace in Somalia? Time for a Different Approach

The path to peace in Somalia cannot rest on counterterrorism operations alone.
People attend a rally and a concert in support of annexation referendums in Russian-held regions of Ukraine, in Saint Petersburg on September 23, 2022. - Voting on whether Russia should annex Kremlin-controlled regions of Ukraine opened Friday as the West denounced the referendum that has dramatically raised the stakes of Moscow's seven-month invasion.

Q&A on Russia-Backed Referendums in Eastern Ukraine and International Law

"There is simply no legal route through which a referendum can take place unilaterally without the consent of the territorial state."
A crowd gathers around a man (not seen) who had been beaten by a crowd because they suspected him of taking part in a thwarted "terrorist" attack on the military base in the background, in Kati, Mali, on July 22, 2022. The Malian army said it had thwarted the alleged "terrorist" attack on the base, which is located on the outskirts of the capital and is used by the military junta that rules Mali.

The Failing Response to Violent Extremism in Africa – and the Need to Reform the International Approach

Militant groups recruit where predatory governments alienate youth, exclude vulnerable groups, and rule with violent impunity.
A row of dark green tanks roll down the street during a military parade in Nicaragua. The sky is light blue with red flags above the tanks.

Human Rights Due Diligence: A Defense Industry Business Necessity

An upfront investment in such practices can not only improve human rights outcomes but also save companies substantial downstream costs.
People hold a banner as riot police patrols in background during a march called by the UAS union to call for better security measures against terrorism, in Ouagadougou on September 16, 2019. (Photo by IISSOUF SANOGO/AFP via Getty Images)

Preventing Violent Extremism in Africa: The Overlooked Role of Mayors and the Governments They Lead

As security-heavy tactics fail, a more localized strategy is needed to focus on socio-economic and political grievances that fuel extremism.
A line of US soldiers walk in the countryside of the town of al-Malikiya in Syria.

Tit-for-Tat Hostilities In Syria: War Powers and International Law Implications

The Biden administration's latest war powers report to Congress and letter to the UN Security Council raise questions about the domestic and international legal basis for hostilities…
Protesters wearing face masks display anti-terror bill placards during a rally at a university campus in Manila on July 4, 2020. Then-President Duterte signed a contentious anti-terrorism bill into law that critics feared would be used to silence dissent and give the government a new weapon to target opponents.  (Photo by AC DIMATATAC/AFP via Getty Images)

The UN’s Counterterrorism Office Wants a Seven-Fold Budget Increase. First, Tackle Underperformance and Risks.

Failure to act now on human rights shortfalls in an already well-funded area could expose the UN to repercussions from a record of repression.
A Chinese military helicopter flies past Pingtan island, one of mainland China's closest points from Taiwan, in Fujian province on August 4, 2022, ahead of massive military drills off Taiwan following US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's visit to the self-ruled island. The military drills were the largest-ever Chinese military exercises encircling Taiwan, in a show of force straddling vital international shipping lanes. The photo also shows an unidentified vessel that appears to be a cargo ship between the helicopter and the island. (Photo by HECTOR RETAMAL/AFP via Getty Images)

Strategic Ambiguity Isn’t Working to Deter China on Taiwan – It Will Invade Anyway. It’s Time to Commit

A game theorist with experience as a fighter pilot says the US should rally other countries to expand the commitment to the island’s defense.
A child stands near two US army vehicles, which carry American flags. Nearby is a male American military officer.

How the FY23 NDAA Can Strengthen U.S. Efforts to Prevent and Respond to Civilian Harm (Part I)

Overhauling U.S. policies for preventing and responding to civilian harm will require sustained engagement from Congress.
A multi-purpose weapon robot from US Darley Defense makes his way at the Eurosatory international land and airland defence and security trade fair, in Villepinte, a northern suburb of Paris, on June 13, 2022. (Photo by Emmanuel DUNAND / AFP) (Photo by EMMANUEL DUNAND/AFP via Getty Images)

Gendering the Legal Review of New Means and Methods of Warfare

Weapons' use and impact on civilians and combatants varies across genders - meaning States must undertake gender-sensitive reviews of new weapons.
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